diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/Action.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/Action.cpp
index d2c008d3..d344d030 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/Action.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/Action.cpp
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ Action::Action() :
 {
 	// 默认动作 15ms 运行一次
 	setInterval(15);
+	// 保留动作
+	this->retain();
 }
 
 Action::~Action()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionCallback.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionCallback.cpp
index d3bb6c0e..ddd45803 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionCallback.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionCallback.cpp
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ActionCallback::~ActionCallback()
 {
 }
 
-ActionCallback * ActionCallback::copy()
+ActionCallback * ActionCallback::copy() const
 {
 	return new ActionCallback(m_Callback);
 }
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionDelay.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionDelay.cpp
index 6c546eb8..219af36b 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionDelay.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionDelay.cpp
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ActionDelay::~ActionDelay()
 {
 }
 
-ActionDelay * easy2d::ActionDelay::copy()
+ActionDelay * ActionDelay::copy() const
 {
-	return new ActionDelay(*this);
+	return new ActionDelay(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f);
 }
 
 void ActionDelay::_init()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionFrames.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionFrames.cpp
index 225189ea..aac762a0 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionFrames.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionFrames.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@ ActionFrames::ActionFrames() :
 	setInterval(500);
 }
 
+ActionFrames::ActionFrames(UINT frameDelay) :
+	m_nFrameIndex(0)
+{
+	setInterval(frameDelay);
+}
+
 ActionFrames::~ActionFrames()
 {
 	for (auto frame : m_vFrames)
@@ -33,6 +39,7 @@ bool ActionFrames::_exec(LARGE_INTEGER nNow)
 		m_nLast.QuadPart = nNow.QuadPart - (nNow.QuadPart % m_nAnimationInterval.QuadPart);
 		m_pParent->setImage(m_vFrames[m_nFrameIndex]);
 		m_nFrameIndex++;
+		// 判断动作是否结束
 		if (m_nFrameIndex == m_vFrames.size())
 		{
 			return true;
@@ -55,9 +62,9 @@ void ActionFrames::addFrame(Image * frame)
 	}
 }
 
-ActionFrames * ActionFrames::copy()
+ActionFrames * ActionFrames::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionFrames();
+	auto a = new ActionFrames(this->m_nMilliSeconds);
 	for (auto f : m_vFrames)
 	{
 		a->addFrame(f);
@@ -67,8 +74,7 @@ ActionFrames * ActionFrames::copy()
 
 ActionFrames * ActionFrames::reverse() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionFrames();
-	a->m_vFrames = this->m_vFrames;
+	auto a = this->copy();
 	a->m_vFrames.reserve(m_vFrames.size());
 	return a;
 }
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveBy.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveBy.cpp
index 7859ca47..62845117 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveBy.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveBy.cpp
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ bool ActionMoveBy::_exec(LARGE_INTEGER nNow)
 		m_pParent->setPos(int(m_BeginPos.x + m_MoveVector.x * scale), 
 			int(m_BeginPos.y + m_MoveVector.y * scale));
 		// 判断动作是否结束
-		if (m_nDuration >= m_nTotalDuration)
+		if (_isEnd())
 		{
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -42,11 +42,9 @@ void ActionMoveBy::_reset()
 	Animation::_reset();
 }
 
-ActionMoveBy * ActionMoveBy::copy()
+ActionMoveBy * ActionMoveBy::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionMoveBy(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionMoveBy(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_MoveVector);
 }
 
 ActionMoveBy * ActionMoveBy::reverse() const
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveTo.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveTo.cpp
index cc9830fe..0f9c021e 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveTo.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionMoveTo.cpp
@@ -10,11 +10,9 @@ ActionMoveTo::~ActionMoveTo()
 {
 }
 
-ActionMoveTo * ActionMoveTo::copy()
+ActionMoveTo * ActionMoveTo::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionMoveTo(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionMoveTo(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_EndPos);
 }
 
 void ActionMoveTo::_init()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionNeverStop.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionNeverStop.cpp
index ffa82eeb..72c57bf3 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionNeverStop.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionNeverStop.cpp
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ActionNeverStop::~ActionNeverStop()
 	SAFE_RELEASE(m_Action);
 }
 
-ActionNeverStop * ActionNeverStop::copy()
+ActionNeverStop * ActionNeverStop::copy() const
 {
 	return new ActionNeverStop(m_Action->copy());
 }
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityBy.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityBy.cpp
index f1838340..cfaea704 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityBy.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityBy.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ bool ActionOpacityBy::_exec(LARGE_INTEGER nNow)
 		// 移动 Sprite
 		m_pParent->setOpacity(m_nBeginVal + m_nVariation * scale);
 		// 判断动作是否结束
-		if (m_nDuration >= m_nTotalDuration)
+		if (_isEnd())
 		{
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -41,11 +41,9 @@ void ActionOpacityBy::_reset()
 	Animation::_reset();
 }
 
-ActionOpacityBy * ActionOpacityBy::copy()
+ActionOpacityBy * ActionOpacityBy::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionOpacityBy(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionOpacityBy(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_nVariation);
 }
 
 ActionOpacityBy * ActionOpacityBy::reverse() const
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityTo.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityTo.cpp
index 87feb328..3c413005 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityTo.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionOpacityTo.cpp
@@ -10,11 +10,9 @@ ActionOpacityTo::~ActionOpacityTo()
 {
 }
 
-ActionOpacityTo * ActionOpacityTo::copy()
+ActionOpacityTo * ActionOpacityTo::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionOpacityTo(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionOpacityTo(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_nEndVal);
 }
 
 void ActionOpacityTo::_init()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleBy.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleBy.cpp
index 0ef21217..689b1d7b 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleBy.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleBy.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ bool ActionScaleBy::_exec(LARGE_INTEGER nNow)
 		// 移动 Sprite
 		m_pParent->setScale(m_nBeginScaleX + m_nVariationX * scale, m_nBeginScaleX + m_nVariationX * scale);
 		// 判断动作是否结束
-		if (m_nDuration >= m_nTotalDuration)
+		if (_isEnd())
 		{
 			return true;
 		}
@@ -43,11 +43,9 @@ void ActionScaleBy::_reset()
 	Animation::_reset();
 }
 
-ActionScaleBy * ActionScaleBy::copy()
+ActionScaleBy * ActionScaleBy::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionScaleBy(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionScaleBy(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_nVariationX, m_nVariationY);
 }
 
 ActionScaleBy * ActionScaleBy::reverse() const
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleTo.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleTo.cpp
index b4324e37..031d7ec3 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleTo.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionScaleTo.cpp
@@ -11,11 +11,9 @@ ActionScaleTo::~ActionScaleTo()
 {
 }
 
-ActionScaleTo * ActionScaleTo::copy()
+ActionScaleTo * ActionScaleTo::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionScaleTo(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionScaleTo(m_nMilliSeconds / 1000.0f, m_nEndScaleX, m_nEndScaleY);
 }
 
 void ActionScaleTo::_init()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionSequence.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionSequence.cpp
index a0fc8773..8ed1ae43 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionSequence.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionSequence.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #include "..\easy2d.h"
 #include <stdarg.h>
 
+ActionSequence::ActionSequence() :
+	m_nActionIndex(0)
+{
+}
+
 ActionSequence::ActionSequence(int number, Action * action1, ...) :
 	m_nActionIndex(0)
 {
@@ -9,9 +14,7 @@ ActionSequence::ActionSequence(int number, Action * action1, ...) :
 
 	while (number > 0)
 	{
-		Action* arg = va_arg(params, Action*);
-		arg->retain();
-		m_vActions.push_back(arg);
+		this->addAction(va_arg(params, Action*));
 		number--;
 	}
 
@@ -64,26 +67,37 @@ void ActionSequence::_reset()
 	m_nActionIndex = 0;
 }
 
-ActionSequence * ActionSequence::copy()
+void ActionSequence::addAction(Action * action)
 {
-	auto a = new ActionSequence(*this);
-	a->_reset();
+	m_vActions.push_back(action);
+	action->retain();
+}
+
+ActionSequence * ActionSequence::copy() const
+{
+	auto a = new ActionSequence();
+	for (auto action : m_vActions)
+	{
+		a->addAction(action->copy());
+	}
 	return a;
 }
 
-ActionSequence * ActionSequence::reverse() const
+ActionSequence * ActionSequence::reverse(bool actionReverse) const
 {
-	// 复制一个相同的动作
-	auto a = new ActionSequence(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	a->m_bRunning = true;
-	a->m_bStop = false;
-	// 将动作顺序逆序排列
-	a->m_vActions.reserve(m_vActions.size());
-	// 将所有动作逆向运行
+	auto a = new ActionSequence();
 	for (auto action : a->m_vActions)
 	{
-		action->reverse();
+		if (actionReverse)
+		{
+			a->addAction(action->reverse());
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			a->addAction(action->copy());
+		}
 	}
+	// 将动作顺序逆序排列
+	a->m_vActions.reserve(m_vActions.size());
 	return a;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/ActionTwo.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/ActionTwo.cpp
index 82b45c6a..3003c113 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/ActionTwo.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/ActionTwo.cpp
@@ -14,16 +14,21 @@ ActionTwo::~ActionTwo()
 	SAFE_RELEASE(m_SecondAction);
 }
 
-ActionTwo * ActionTwo::copy()
+ActionTwo * ActionTwo::copy() const
 {
-	auto a = new ActionTwo(*this);
-	a->_reset();
-	return a;
+	return new ActionTwo(m_FirstAction->copy(), m_SecondAction->copy());
 }
 
-ActionTwo * ActionTwo::reverse() const
+ActionTwo * ActionTwo::reverse(bool actionReverse) const
 {
-	return new ActionTwo(m_SecondAction->copy(), m_FirstAction->copy());
+	if (actionReverse)
+	{
+		return new ActionTwo(m_SecondAction->reverse(), m_FirstAction->reverse());
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		return new ActionTwo(m_SecondAction->copy(), m_FirstAction->copy());
+	}
 }
 
 void ActionTwo::_init()
diff --git a/Easy2D/Action/Animation.cpp b/Easy2D/Action/Animation.cpp
index c5901a1c..cea441e0 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Action/Animation.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Action/Animation.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ Animation::~Animation()
 {
 }
 
+bool Animation::_isEnd() const
+{
+	return m_nDuration >= m_nTotalDuration;
+}
+
 void Animation::_init()
 {
 	// 记录当前时间
diff --git a/Easy2D/Tool/ActionManager.cpp b/Easy2D/Tool/ActionManager.cpp
index bbcd1440..344f0160 100644
--- a/Easy2D/Tool/ActionManager.cpp
+++ b/Easy2D/Tool/ActionManager.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "..\easy2d.h"
+#include <assert.h>
 
 static std::vector<Action*> s_vActions;
 
@@ -28,9 +29,14 @@ void ActionManager::addAction(Action * action)
 {
 	if (action)
 	{
-		action->_init();
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+		for (auto a : s_vActions)
+		{
+			assert(a != action);
+		}
+#endif
 		s_vActions.push_back(action);
-		action->retain();
+		action->_init();
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/Easy2D/easy2d.h b/Easy2D/easy2d.h
index 051d29c3..707848bc 100644
--- a/Easy2D/easy2d.h
+++ b/Easy2D/easy2d.h
@@ -1044,7 +1044,7 @@ public:
 	void pause();
 	void stop();
 	void setInterval(UINT ms);
-	virtual Action * copy() = 0;
+	virtual Action * copy() const = 0;
 	virtual Action * reverse() const;
 
 protected:
@@ -1073,6 +1073,7 @@ protected:
 	UINT	m_nTotalDuration;
 
 protected:
+	bool _isEnd() const;
 	virtual void _init() override;
 	virtual bool _exec(LARGE_INTEGER nNow) override;
 	virtual void _reset() override;
@@ -1085,7 +1086,7 @@ public:
 	ActionMoveBy(float duration, CVector vec);
 	virtual ~ActionMoveBy();
 
-	virtual ActionMoveBy * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionMoveBy * copy() const override;
 	virtual ActionMoveBy * reverse() const override;
 
 protected:
@@ -1105,7 +1106,7 @@ public:
 	ActionMoveTo(float duration, CPoint pos);
 	virtual ~ActionMoveTo();
 
-	virtual ActionMoveTo * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionMoveTo * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	CPoint m_EndPos;
@@ -1122,7 +1123,7 @@ public:
 	ActionScaleBy(float duration, float scaleX, float scaleY);
 	virtual ~ActionScaleBy();
 
-	virtual ActionScaleBy * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionScaleBy * copy() const override;
 	virtual ActionScaleBy * reverse() const override;
 
 protected:
@@ -1144,7 +1145,7 @@ public:
 	ActionScaleTo(float duration, float scaleX, float scaleY);
 	virtual ~ActionScaleTo();
 
-	virtual ActionScaleTo * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionScaleTo * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	float	m_nEndScaleX;
@@ -1162,7 +1163,7 @@ public:
 	ActionOpacityBy(float duration, float opacity);
 	virtual ~ActionOpacityBy();
 
-	virtual ActionOpacityBy * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionOpacityBy * copy() const override;
 	virtual ActionOpacityBy * reverse() const override;
 
 protected:
@@ -1182,7 +1183,7 @@ public:
 	ActionOpacityTo(float duration, float opacity);
 	virtual ~ActionOpacityTo();
 
-	virtual ActionOpacityTo * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionOpacityTo * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	float m_nEndVal;
@@ -1213,8 +1214,8 @@ public:
 	ActionTwo(Action * actionFirst, Action * actionSecond);
 	virtual ~ActionTwo();
 
-	virtual ActionTwo * copy() override;
-	virtual ActionTwo * reverse() const override;
+	virtual ActionTwo * copy() const override;
+	virtual ActionTwo * reverse(bool actionReverse = true) const;
 
 protected:
 	Action * m_FirstAction;
@@ -1230,11 +1231,13 @@ class ActionSequence :
 	public Action
 {
 public:
+	ActionSequence();
 	ActionSequence(int number, Action * action1, ...);
 	virtual ~ActionSequence();
 
-	virtual ActionSequence * copy() override;
-	virtual ActionSequence * reverse() const override;
+	void addAction(Action * action);
+	virtual ActionSequence * copy() const override;
+	virtual ActionSequence * reverse(bool actionReverse = true) const;
 
 protected:
 	UINT					m_nActionIndex;
@@ -1253,7 +1256,7 @@ public:
 	ActionDelay(float duration);
 	virtual ~ActionDelay();
 
-	virtual ActionDelay * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionDelay * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	virtual void _init() override;
@@ -1268,7 +1271,7 @@ public:
 	ActionNeverStop(Action * action);
 	virtual ~ActionNeverStop();
 
-	virtual ActionNeverStop * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionNeverStop * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	Action * m_Action;
@@ -1284,10 +1287,11 @@ class ActionFrames :
 {
 public:
 	ActionFrames();
+	ActionFrames(UINT frameDelay);
 	~ActionFrames();
 
 	void addFrame(Image * frame);
-	virtual ActionFrames * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionFrames * copy() const override;
 	virtual ActionFrames * reverse() const override;
 
 protected:
@@ -1307,7 +1311,7 @@ public:
 	ActionCallback(const std::function<void()>& callback);
 	~ActionCallback();
 
-	virtual ActionCallback * copy() override;
+	virtual ActionCallback * copy() const override;
 
 protected:
 	std::function<void()> m_Callback;