增加SystemException，移除ASSERT

core/Action/Animate.cpp

@@ -107,22 +107,7 @@ e2d::Animate * e2d::Animate::reverse() const
 {
 	if (_animation)
 	{
-		auto& oldFrames = _animation->getFrames();
+		auto animation = _animation->reverse();
-		std::vector<Image*> frames(oldFrames.size());
-
-		if (!oldFrames.empty())
-		{
-			for (auto iter = oldFrames.crbegin(), iterCrend = oldFrames.crend(); iter != iterCrend; ++iter)
-			{
-				Image* frame = *iter;
-				if (frame)
-				{
-					frames.push_back(frame);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		auto animation = GC::create<Animation>(_animation->getInterval(), frames);
 		if (animation)
 		{
 			return GC::create<Animate>(animation);

core/Action/Animation.cpp

@@ -69,9 +69,35 @@ const std::vector<e2d::Image*>& e2d::Animation::getFrames() const
 e2d::Animation * e2d::Animation::clone() const
 {
 	auto animation = GC::create<Animation>(_interval);
+	if (animation)
+	{
 		for (auto frame : _frames)
 		{
 			animation->add(frame);
 		}
+	}
 	return animation;
 }
+
+e2d::Animation * e2d::Animation::reverse() const
+{
+	auto& oldFrames = this->getFrames();
+	std::vector<Image*> frames(oldFrames.size());
+
+	if (!oldFrames.empty())
+	{
+		for (auto iter = oldFrames.crbegin(),
+			iterCrend = oldFrames.crend();
+			iter != iterCrend;
+			++iter)
+		{
+			Image* frame = *iter;
+			if (frame)
+			{
+				frames.push_back(frame);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return GC::create<Animation>(this->getInterval(), frames);
+}

core/Action/Loop.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ e2d::Loop::Loop(Action * action, int times /* = -1 */)
 	, _times(0)
 	, _totalTimes(times)
 {
-	ASSERT(action, "Loop NULL pointer exception!");
+	WARN_IF(action == nullptr, "Loop NULL pointer exception!");
 
 	if (action)
 	{
@@ -33,7 +33,14 @@ e2d::Loop * e2d::Loop::clone() const
 
 e2d::Loop * e2d::Loop::reverse() const
 {
-	return GC::create<Loop>(_action);
+	if (_action)
+	{
+		return GC::create<Loop>(_action->clone());
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		return nullptr;
+	}
 }
 
 void e2d::Loop::_init()

core/Action/Sequence.cpp

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ e2d::Sequence * e2d::Sequence::clone() const
 e2d::Sequence * e2d::Sequence::reverse() const
 {
 	auto sequence = GC::create<Sequence>();
-	if (!_actions.empty())
+	if (sequence && !_actions.empty())
 	{
 		std::vector<Action*> newActions(_actions.size());
 		for (auto iter = _actions.crbegin(), iterCrend = _actions.crend(); iter != iterCrend; ++iter)

core/Action/Spawn.cpp

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ e2d::Spawn * e2d::Spawn::clone() const
 e2d::Spawn * e2d::Spawn::reverse() const
 {
 	auto spawn = GC::create<Spawn>();
-	if (!_actions.empty())
+	if (spawn && !_actions.empty())
 	{
 		std::vector<Action*> newActions(_actions.size());
 		for (auto iter = _actions.crbegin(), iterCrend = _actions.crend(); iter != iterCrend; ++iter)

core/Base/Game.cpp

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ bool e2d::Game::init(const String& name, const String& mutexName)
 {
 	if (s_bInitialized)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "The game has been initialized!");
+		WARN("The game has been initialized!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ bool e2d::Game::init(const String& name, const String& mutexName)
 
 		if (hMutex == nullptr)
 		{
-			WARN_IF(true, "CreateMutex Failed!");
+			WARN("CreateMutex Failed!");
 		}
 		else if (::GetLastError() == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS)
 		{
@@ -44,39 +44,74 @@ bool e2d::Game::init(const String& name, const String& mutexName)
 	// 初始化 COM 组件
 	CoInitialize(nullptr);
 
-	// ´´½¨É豸ÎÞ¹Ø×ÊÔ´
+	bool bRendererDevIndResInit = false,
-	if (!Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources())
+		bWindowInit = false,
+		bRendererDevResInit = false,
+		bInputInit = false,
+		bMusicInit = false;
+
+	auto DestroyResources = [&]()
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources Failed!");
+		if (bRendererDevIndResInit) Renderer::__discardResources();
-		goto dev_ind_res_fail;
+		if (bWindowInit) Window::__init();
+		if (bRendererDevResInit) Renderer::__discardDeviceResources();
+		if (bInputInit) Input::__uninit();
+		if (bMusicInit) Music::__uninit();
+	};
+
+	// 创建设备无关资源
+	if (Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources())
+	{
+		bRendererDevIndResInit = true;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DestroyResources();
+		throw SystemException(L"渲染器设备无关资源创建失败");
 	}
 
 	// 初始化窗口
-	if (!Window::__init())
+	if (Window::__init())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Window::__init Failed!");
+		bWindowInit = true;
-		goto window_fail;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DestroyResources();
+		throw SystemException(L"初始化窗口失败");
 	}
 
 	// 创建设备相关资源
-	if (!Renderer::__createDeviceResources())
+	if (Renderer::__createDeviceResources())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Renderer::__createDeviceResources Failed!");
+		bRendererDevResInit = true;
-		goto dev_res_fail;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DestroyResources();
+		throw SystemException(L"渲染器设备相关资源创建失败");
 	}
 
 	// 初始化 DirectInput
-	if (!Input::__init())
+	if (Input::__init())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Input::__init Failed!");
+		bInputInit = true;
-		goto input_fail;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DestroyResources();
+		throw SystemException(L"初始化 DirectInput 失败");
 	}
 
 	// 初始化播放器
-	if (!Music::__init())
+	if (Music::__init())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Music::__init Failed!");
+		bMusicInit = true;
-		Music::__uninit();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		DestroyResources();
+		throw SystemException(L"初始化 XAudio2 失败");
 	}
 
 	// 保存游戏名称
@@ -85,35 +120,20 @@ bool e2d::Game::init(const String& name, const String& mutexName)
 	// 初始化路径
 	if (!Path::__init())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Path::__init Failed!");
+		WARN("Path::__init failed!");
 	}
 
 	// 初始化成功
 	s_bInitialized = true;
-	goto succeeded;
 
-input_fail:
-	Input::__uninit();
-
-dev_res_fail:
-	Renderer::__discardDeviceResources();
-
-window_fail:
-	Window::__init();
-
-dev_ind_res_fail:
-	Renderer::__discardResources();
-
-succeeded:
 	return s_bInitialized;
 }
 
-int e2d::Game::start(bool autoRelease/* true */)
+void e2d::Game::start(bool autoRelease/* true */)
 {
 	if (!s_bInitialized)
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "You must initialize Game first!");
+		throw Exception(L"开始游戏前未进行初始化");
-		return -1;
 	}
 
 	// 初始化场景管理器
@@ -162,8 +182,6 @@ int e2d::Game::start(bool autoRelease/* true */)
 	{
 		Game::destroy();
 	}
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
 void e2d::Game::pause()

core/Base/Renderer.cpp

@@ -23,9 +23,11 @@ bool e2d::Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources()
 		&s_pDirect2dFactory
 	);
 
-	ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create ID2D1Factory Failed!");
+	if (FAILED(hr))
-
+	{
-	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+		throw SystemException(L"Create ID2D1Factory failed");
+	}
+	else
 	{
 		// 创建 WIC 绘图工厂，用于统一处理各种格式的图片
 		hr = CoCreateInstance(
@@ -35,10 +37,13 @@ bool e2d::Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources()
 			IID_IWICImagingFactory,
 			reinterpret_cast<void**>(&s_pIWICFactory)
 		);
-		ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create IWICImagingFactory Failed!");
 	}
 
-	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+	if (FAILED(hr))
+	{
+		throw SystemException(L"Create IWICImagingFactory failed");
+	}
+	else
 	{
 		// 创建 DirectWrite 工厂
 		hr = DWriteCreateFactory(
@@ -46,17 +51,17 @@ bool e2d::Renderer::__createDeviceIndependentResources()
 			__uuidof(IDWriteFactory),
 			reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&s_pDWriteFactory)
 		);
-		ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create IDWriteFactory Failed!");
 	}
 
-	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+	if (FAILED(hr))
+	{
+		throw SystemException(L"Create IDWriteFactory failed");
+	}
+	else
 	{
 		// 工厂将返回当前的系统 DPI，这个值也将用来创建窗口
 		Renderer::getID2D1Factory()->GetDesktopDpi(&s_fDpiScaleX, &s_fDpiScaleY);
-	}
 
-	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
-	{
 		// 创建文本格式化对象
 		hr = s_pDWriteFactory->CreateTextFormat(
 			L"",
@@ -105,19 +110,24 @@ bool e2d::Renderer::__createDeviceResources()
 			&s_pRenderTarget
 		);
 
-		ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create ID2D1HwndRenderTarget Failed!");
+		if (FAILED(hr))
-
+		{
-		if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+			throw SystemException(L"Create ID2D1HwndRenderTarget failed");
+		}
+		else
 		{
 			// 创建画刷
 			hr = s_pRenderTarget->CreateSolidColorBrush(
 				D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::White),
 				&s_pSolidBrush
 			);
-			ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create ID2D1SolidColorBrush Failed!");
 		}
 
-		if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
+		if (FAILED(hr))
+		{
+			throw SystemException(L"Create ID2D1SolidColorBrush failed");
+		}
+		else
 		{
 			// 创建自定义的文字渲染器
 			s_pTextRenderer = new (std::nothrow) TextRenderer(
@@ -165,7 +175,7 @@ void e2d::Renderer::__render()
 	SceneManager::__render();
 
 	// 渲染 FPS
-	if (s_bShowFps)
+	if (s_bShowFps && s_pTextFormat)
 	{
 		static int s_nRenderTimes = 0;
 		static double s_fLastRenderTime = 0;
@@ -223,8 +233,7 @@ void e2d::Renderer::__render()
 
 	if (FAILED(hr))
 	{
-		Window::error(L"Device loss recovery failed. Exiting game.");
+		throw SystemException(L"Device loss recovery failed");
-		Game::quit();
 	}
 }
 

core/Common/Image.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ bool e2d::Image::open(const String& filePath)
 
 	if (!Image::preload(filePath))
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Load Image from file failed!");
+		WARN("Load Image from file failed!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ bool e2d::Image::open(int resNameId, const String& resType)
 {
 	if (!Image::preload(resNameId, resType))
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Load Image from file failed!");
+		WARN("Load Image from file failed!");
 		return false;
 	}
 

core/Common/Scene.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ e2d::Scene::Scene()
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		throw Exception(L"场景根节点构造失败！");
+		throw Exception(L"场景根节点构造失败");
 	}
 }
 

core/Custom/Exception.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 #include "..\e2dcustom.h"
 
 
-e2d::Exception::Exception()
+e2d::Exception::Exception() throw()
 	: _message()
 {
 }
 
-e2d::Exception::Exception(String message)
+e2d::Exception::Exception(const String& message) throw()
 	: _message(message)
 {
 }
 
-e2d::Exception::Exception(Exception const& other)
+e2d::Exception::Exception(Exception const& other) throw()
 	: _message(other._message)
 {
 }
 
-e2d::Exception& e2d::Exception::operator=(Exception const& other)
+e2d::Exception& e2d::Exception::operator=(Exception const& other) throw()
 {
 	if (this == &other)
 	{
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ e2d::Exception& e2d::Exception::operator=(Exception const& other)
 	return *this;
 }
 
-e2d::Exception::~Exception()
+e2d::Exception::~Exception() throw()
 {
 }
 

core/Custom/SystemException.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "..\e2dcustom.h"
+
+e2d::SystemException::SystemException() throw()
+	: Exception(L"未知的系统异常")
+{
+}
+
+e2d::SystemException::SystemException(const String& message) throw()
+	: Exception(message)
+{
+}
+

core/Manager/ActionManager.cpp

@@ -102,16 +102,24 @@ void e2d::ActionManager::start(Action * action, Node * target, bool paused)
 	WARN_IF(target == nullptr, "Target node NULL pointer exception!");
 
 	if (action && target)
+	{
+		if (action->_target == nullptr)
 		{
 			auto iter = std::find(s_vRunningActions.begin(), s_vRunningActions.end(), action);
-		ASSERT(iter == s_vRunningActions.end(), "Action has begun!");
+			if (iter == s_vRunningActions.end())
-
+			{
 				action->_startWithTarget(target);
 				action->retain();
 				action->_running = !paused;
 				s_vRunningActions.push_back(action);
 			}
 		}
+		else
+		{
+			throw Exception(L"该 Action 已有执行目标");
+		}
+	}
+}
 
 void e2d::ActionManager::resume(const String& name)
 {

core/Manager/ColliderManager.cpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ void e2d::ColliderManager::__addCollider(Collider * pCollider)
 	{
 		if (pCollider->_parentNode)
 		{
-			WARN_IF(true, "ColliderManager::__add Failed! The shape is already added.");
+			WARN("ColliderManager::__add Failed! The shape is already added.");
 			return;
 		}
 		pCollider->retain();

core/Manager/SceneManager.cpp

@@ -10,11 +10,14 @@ static std::stack<e2d::Scene*> s_SceneStack;
 
 void e2d::SceneManager::enter(Scene * scene, Transition * transition /* = nullptr */, bool saveCurrentScene /* = true */)
 {
-	ASSERT(scene, "Next scene NULL pointer exception!");
+	if (scene == nullptr)
-	scene->retain();
+	{
+		throw Exception(L"³¡¾°¿ÕÖ¸ÕëÒì³£");
+	}
 
 	// 保存下一场景的指针
 	s_pNextScene = scene;
+	s_pNextScene->retain();
 	
 	// 设置切换场景动作
 	if (transition)

core/Node/Node.cpp

@@ -598,14 +598,14 @@ void e2d::Node::addChild(Node * child, int order  /* = 0 */)
 	{
 		if (child->_parent != nullptr)
 		{
-			throw Exception(L"节点已有父节点, 不能再添加到其他节点！");
+			throw Exception(L"节点已有父节点, 不能再添加到其他节点");
 		}
 
 		for (Node * parent = this; parent != nullptr; parent = parent->getParent())
 		{
 			if (child == parent)
 			{
-				throw Exception(L"一个节点不能同时是另一个节点的父节点和子节点！");
+				throw Exception(L"一个节点不能同时是另一个节点的父节点和子节点");
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -769,16 +769,8 @@ void e2d::Node::clearAllChildren()
 
 void e2d::Node::runAction(Action * action)
 {
-	if (this != action->getTarget())
-	{
-		ASSERT(action->getTarget() == nullptr, "The action has already got a target!");
 	ActionManager::start(action, this, false);
 }
-	else
-	{
-		action->reset();
-	}
-}
 
 void e2d::Node::resumeAction(const String& name)
 {

core/Node/Text.cpp

@@ -331,9 +331,13 @@ void e2d::Text::_createFormat()
 		&_textFormat
 	);
 
-	ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create IDWriteTextFormat Failed!");
+	if (FAILED(hr))
-
+	{
-	if (_textFormat)
+		WARN("Text::_createFormat error : Create IDWriteTextFormat failed!");
+		_textFormat = nullptr;
+		return;
+	}
+	else
 	{
 		// 设置文字对齐方式
 		_textFormat->SetTextAlignment(DWRITE_TEXT_ALIGNMENT(_style.alignment));
@@ -375,7 +379,7 @@ void e2d::Text::_createLayout()
 
 	if (_textFormat == nullptr)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Text::_createLayout failed! _textFormat NULL pointer exception.");
+		WARN("Text::_createLayout failed! _textFormat NULL pointer exception.");
 		return;
 	}
 	
@@ -420,7 +424,12 @@ void e2d::Text::_createLayout()
 		}
 	}
 
-	ASSERT(SUCCEEDED(hr), "Create IDWriteTextFormat Failed!");
+	if (FAILED(hr))
+	{
+		WARN("Text::_createLayout error : Create IDWriteTextLayout failed!");
+		_textLayout = nullptr;
+		return;
+	}
 
 	// 添加下划线和删除线
 	DWRITE_TEXT_RANGE range = { 0, length };

core/Tool/Music.cpp

@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@
 
 inline bool TraceError(wchar_t* sPrompt)
 {
-	WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo error: %s failed!", sPrompt);
+	WARN("MusicInfo error: %s failed!", sPrompt);
 	return false;
 }
 
 inline bool TraceError(wchar_t* sPrompt, HRESULT hr)
 {
-	WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo error: %s (%#X)", sPrompt, hr);
+	WARN("MusicInfo error: %s (%#X)", sPrompt, hr);
 	return false;
 }
 
@@ -75,19 +75,19 @@ bool e2d::Music::open(const e2d::String& filePath)
 {
 	if (_opened)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo can be opened only once!");
+		WARN("MusicInfo can be opened only once!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	if (filePath.isEmpty())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo::open Invalid file name.");
+		WARN("MusicInfo::open Invalid file name.");
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	if (!s_pXAudio2)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "IXAudio2 nullptr pointer error!");
+		WARN("IXAudio2 nullptr pointer error!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ bool e2d::Music::open(const e2d::String& filePath)
 	wchar_t pFilePath[MAX_PATH];
 	if (!_findMediaFileCch(pFilePath, MAX_PATH, filePath))
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Failed to find media file: %s", pFilePath);
+		WARN("Failed to find media file: %s", pFilePath);
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -152,13 +152,13 @@ bool e2d::Music::open(int resNameId, const e2d::String& resType)
 
 	if (_opened)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo can be opened only once!");
+		WARN("MusicInfo can be opened only once!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	if (!s_pXAudio2)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "IXAudio2 nullptr pointer error!");
+		WARN("IXAudio2 nullptr pointer error!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -226,13 +226,13 @@ bool e2d::Music::play(int nLoopCount)
 {
 	if (!_opened)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo::play Failed: MusicInfo must be opened first!");
+		WARN("MusicInfo::play Failed: MusicInfo must be opened first!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	if (_voice == nullptr)
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "MusicInfo::play Failed: IXAudio2SourceVoice Null pointer exception!");
+		WARN("MusicInfo::play Failed: IXAudio2SourceVoice Null pointer exception!");
 		return false;
 	}
 
@@ -584,13 +584,13 @@ bool e2d::Music::__init()
 
 	if (FAILED(hr = XAudio2Create(&s_pXAudio2, 0)))
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Failed to init XAudio2 engine");
+		WARN("Failed to init XAudio2 engine");
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	if (FAILED(hr = s_pXAudio2->CreateMasteringVoice(&s_pMasteringVoice)))
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Failed creating mastering voice");
+		WARN("Failed creating mastering voice");
 		e2d::SafeRelease(s_pXAudio2);
 		return false;
 	}

core/Tool/Path.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ bool e2d::Path::__init()
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Cannot get local AppData path!");
+		WARN("Cannot get local AppData path!");
 	}
 
 	// »ñÈ¡ÓÎÏ·Ãû³Æ
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ bool e2d::Path::createFolder(const String& dirPath)
 {
 	if (dirPath.isEmpty())
 	{
-		WARN_IF(true, "Path::createFolder Failed: Invalid directory path!");
+		WARN("Path::createFolder Failed: Invalid directory path!");
 		return false;
 	}
 

core/Transition/Transition.cpp

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ void e2d::Transition::_init(Scene * prev, Scene * next)
 
 	if (FAILED(hr))
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "Create layer failed!");
+		throw SystemException(L"场景过渡动画图层创建失败");
 	}
 
 	_last = Time::getTotalTime();

core/e2daction.h

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public:
 	// 获取该动作的倒转
 	virtual MoveTo * reverse() const override
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "reverse() not supported in MoveTo");
+		WARN("reverse() not supported in MoveTo");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public:
 	// 获取该动作的倒转
 	virtual JumpTo * reverse() const override
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "reverse() not supported in JumpTo");
+		WARN("reverse() not supported in JumpTo");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ public:
 	// 获取该动作的倒转
 	virtual ScaleTo * reverse() const override
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "reverse() not supported in ScaleTo");
+		WARN("reverse() not supported in ScaleTo");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ public:
 	// 获取该动作的倒转
 	virtual OpacityTo * reverse() const override
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "reverse() not supported in OpacityTo");
+		WARN("reverse() not supported in OpacityTo");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ public:
 	// 获取该动作的倒转
 	virtual RotateTo * reverse() const override
 	{
-		ASSERT(false, "reverse() not supported in RotateTo");
+		WARN("reverse() not supported in RotateTo");
 		return nullptr;
 	}
 
@@ -707,8 +707,11 @@ public:
 		double interval		/* 帧间隔（秒） */
 	);
 
-	// 获取动画的拷贝对象
+	// 获取帧动画的拷贝对象
-	virtual Animation * clone() const;
+	Animation * clone() const;
+
+	// 获取帧动画的倒转
+	Animation * reverse() const;
 
 	// 销毁对象
 	virtual void onDestroy() override;

core/e2dbase.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public:
 	);
 
 	// 启动游戏
-	static int start(
+	static void start(
 		bool autoRelease = true			/* 游戏结束时自动回收资源 */
 	);
 

core/e2dcustom.h

@@ -164,10 +164,9 @@ private:
 class Exception
 {
 public:
-
 	Exception() throw();
 
-	explicit Exception(String message) throw();
+	explicit Exception(const String& message) throw();
 
 	Exception(Exception const& other) throw();
 
@@ -182,4 +181,15 @@ private:
 	String _message;
 };
 
+
+// 系统异常
+class SystemException
+	: public Exception
+{
+public:
+	SystemException() throw();
+
+	explicit SystemException(const String& message) throw();
+};
+
 }

core/e2dmacros.h

@@ -61,14 +61,15 @@ EXTERN_C IMAGE_DOS_HEADER __ImageBase;
 #endif
 
 
-#ifndef ASSERT
+#ifndef WARN
 #if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG )
-	#define ASSERT(expression, message, ...) do {if (!(expression)) { fwprintf(stderr, L"Assert: " _CRT_WIDE(#message) L"\n", __VA_ARGS__); abort(); }} while(0)
+#define WARN(message, ...) do { fwprintf(stderr, L"Warning: " _CRT_WIDE(#message) L"\n", __VA_ARGS__); } while(0)
 #else
-	#define ASSERT(expression, message, ...) ((void)0)
+#define WARN(message, ...) ((void)0)
 #endif
 #endif
 
+
 #ifndef WARN_IF
 #if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG )
 	#define WARN_IF(expression, message, ...) do { if (expression) { fwprintf(stderr, L"Warning: " _CRT_WIDE(#message) L"\n", __VA_ARGS__); } } while(0)

project/vs2017/Easy2D.vcxproj

@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Common\String.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Common\Image.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\Exception.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\SystemException.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\TextRenderer.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\VoiceCallback.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Manager\ActionManager.cpp" />

project/vs2017/Easy2D.vcxproj.filters

@@ -240,6 +240,9 @@
     <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\Exception.cpp">
       <Filter>Custom</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="..\..\core\Custom\SystemException.cpp">
+      <Filter>Custom</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\core\easy2d.h" />