feat(场景): 添加BaseScene作为统一基础场景类

重构所有场景类继承自BaseScene，提供统一的视口适配功能
使用游戏逻辑分辨率(GAME_WIDTH/GAME_HEIGHT)替代直接获取窗口尺寸
优化资源加载和音效播放的错误处理

Extra2D/include/extra2d/resource/resource_manager.h

@@ -133,6 +133,55 @@ public:
   /// 卸载指定音效
   void unloadSound(const std::string &key);
 
+  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 文本文件资源
+  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  /// 加载文本文件（带缓存）
+  /// @param filepath 文件路径，支持 romfs:/ 前缀
+  /// @return 文件内容字符串，加载失败返回空字符串
+  std::string loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath);
+
+  /// 加载文本文件（指定编码）
+  /// @param filepath 文件路径
+  /// @param encoding 文件编码（默认 UTF-8）
+  /// @return 文件内容字符串
+  std::string loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath, const std::string &encoding);
+
+  /// 通过key获取已缓存的文本内容
+  std::string getTextFile(const std::string &key) const;
+
+  /// 检查文本文件是否已缓存
+  bool hasTextFile(const std::string &key) const;
+
+  /// 卸载指定文本文件
+  void unloadTextFile(const std::string &key);
+
+  /// 清理所有文本文件缓存
+  void clearTextFileCache();
+
+  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // JSON 文件资源
+  // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  /// 加载并解析 JSON 文件
+  /// @param filepath 文件路径，支持 romfs:/ 前缀
+  /// @return JSON 字符串内容，加载或解析失败返回空字符串
+  /// @note 返回的是原始 JSON 字符串，需要自行解析
+  std::string loadJsonFile(const std::string &filepath);
+
+  /// 通过key获取已缓存的 JSON 内容
+  std::string getJsonFile(const std::string &key) const;
+
+  /// 检查 JSON 文件是否已缓存
+  bool hasJsonFile(const std::string &key) const;
+
+  /// 卸载指定 JSON 文件
+  void unloadJsonFile(const std::string &key);
+
+  /// 清理所有 JSON 文件缓存
+  void clearJsonFileCache();
+
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 缓存清理
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -152,6 +201,8 @@ public:
   size_t getTextureCacheSize() const;
   size_t getFontCacheSize() const;
   size_t getSoundCacheSize() const;
+  size_t getTextFileCacheSize() const;
+  size_t getJsonFileCacheSize() const;
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // LRU 缓存管理
@@ -213,11 +264,17 @@ private:
   mutable std::mutex textureMutex_;
   mutable std::mutex fontMutex_;
   mutable std::mutex soundMutex_;
+  mutable std::mutex textFileMutex_;
+  mutable std::mutex jsonFileMutex_;
 
   // 资源缓存 - 使用弱指针实现自动清理
   std::unordered_map<std::string, WeakPtr<FontAtlas>> fontCache_;
   std::unordered_map<std::string, WeakPtr<Sound>> soundCache_;
 
+  // 文本文件缓存 - 使用强引用（字符串值类型）
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> textFileCache_;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> jsonFileCache_;
+
   // ============================================================================
   // 纹理LRU缓存
   // ============================================================================

Extra2D/src/audio/sound.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <SDL2/SDL_mixer.h>
 #include <extra2d/audio/sound.h>
+#include <extra2d/utils/logger.h>
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -20,22 +21,20 @@ Sound::~Sound() {
 
 bool Sound::play() {
   if (!chunk_) {
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("Sound::play() failed: chunk is null for {}", name_);
     return false;
   }
 
-  // 如果已在播放，先停止
-  if (channel_ >= 0 && Mix_Playing(channel_)) {
-    Mix_HaltChannel(channel_);
-  }
-
   int loops = looping_ ? -1 : 0;
-  channel_ = Mix_PlayChannel(-1, chunk_, loops); // -1 = 自动分配通道
+  int newChannel = Mix_PlayChannel(-1, chunk_, loops);
 
-  if (channel_ < 0) {
+  if (newChannel < 0) {
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("Sound::play() failed: no free channel for {} ({})", name_, Mix_GetError());
     return false;
   }
 
-  // 设置音量
+  channel_ = newChannel;
+
   int mixVol = static_cast<int>(volume_ * MIX_MAX_VOLUME);
   Mix_Volume(channel_, mixVol);
 

Extra2D/src/resource/resource_manager.cpp

@@ -856,4 +856,220 @@ size_t ResourceManager::getSoundCacheSize() const {
   return soundCache_.size();
 }
 
+// ============================================================================
+// 文本文件资源
+// ============================================================================
+
+std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath) {
+  return loadTextFile(filepath, "UTF-8");
+}
+
+std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath, const std::string &encoding) {
+  (void)encoding; // 目前只支持 UTF-8
+
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+
+  // 检查缓存
+  auto it = textFileCache_.find(filepath);
+  if (it != textFileCache_.end()) {
+    E2D_LOG_TRACE("ResourceManager: text file cache hit: {}", filepath);
+    return it->second;
+  }
+
+  // 解析资源路径
+  std::string resolvedPath = resolveResourcePath(filepath);
+  if (resolvedPath.empty()) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: text file not found: {}", filepath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 打开文件
+  FILE *file = nullptr;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  errno_t err = fopen_s(&file, resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
+  if (err != 0 || !file) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+#else
+  file = fopen(resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
+  if (!file) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // 获取文件大小
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+  long fileSize = ftell(file);
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+  if (fileSize <= 0) {
+    fclose(file);
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResourceManager: text file is empty: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 读取文件内容
+  std::string content;
+  content.resize(fileSize);
+  size_t readSize = fread(&content[0], 1, fileSize, file);
+  fclose(file);
+
+  if (readSize != static_cast<size_t>(fileSize)) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 缓存内容
+  textFileCache_[filepath] = content;
+  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded text file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath, content.size());
+
+  return content;
+}
+
+std::string ResourceManager::getTextFile(const std::string &key) const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+  auto it = textFileCache_.find(key);
+  if (it != textFileCache_.end()) {
+    return it->second;
+  }
+  return "";
+}
+
+bool ResourceManager::hasTextFile(const std::string &key) const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+  return textFileCache_.find(key) != textFileCache_.end();
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::unloadTextFile(const std::string &key) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+  auto it = textFileCache_.find(key);
+  if (it != textFileCache_.end()) {
+    textFileCache_.erase(it);
+    E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: unloaded text file: {}", key);
+  }
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::clearTextFileCache() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+  size_t count = textFileCache_.size();
+  textFileCache_.clear();
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("ResourceManager: cleared {} text files from cache", count);
+}
+
+size_t ResourceManager::getTextFileCacheSize() const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
+  return textFileCache_.size();
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// JSON 文件资源
+// ============================================================================
+
+std::string ResourceManager::loadJsonFile(const std::string &filepath) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+
+  // 检查缓存
+  auto it = jsonFileCache_.find(filepath);
+  if (it != jsonFileCache_.end()) {
+    E2D_LOG_TRACE("ResourceManager: JSON file cache hit: {}", filepath);
+    return it->second;
+  }
+
+  // 解析资源路径
+  std::string resolvedPath = resolveResourcePath(filepath);
+  if (resolvedPath.empty()) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: JSON file not found: {}", filepath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 打开文件
+  FILE *file = nullptr;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  errno_t err = fopen_s(&file, resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
+  if (err != 0 || !file) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+#else
+  file = fopen(resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
+  if (!file) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // 获取文件大小
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+  long fileSize = ftell(file);
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+  if (fileSize <= 0) {
+    fclose(file);
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResourceManager: JSON file is empty: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 读取文件内容
+  std::string content;
+  content.resize(fileSize);
+  size_t readSize = fread(&content[0], 1, fileSize, file);
+  fclose(file);
+
+  if (readSize != static_cast<size_t>(fileSize)) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  // 简单验证 JSON 格式（检查是否以 { 或 [ 开头）
+  size_t firstValid = content.find_first_not_of(" \t\n\r");
+  if (firstValid == std::string::npos ||
+      (content[firstValid] != '{' && content[firstValid] != '[')) {
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResourceManager: file may not be valid JSON: {}", filepath);
+    // 不阻止加载，只是警告
+  }
+
+  // 缓存内容
+  jsonFileCache_[filepath] = content;
+  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded JSON file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath, content.size());
+
+  return content;
+}
+
+std::string ResourceManager::getJsonFile(const std::string &key) const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+  auto it = jsonFileCache_.find(key);
+  if (it != jsonFileCache_.end()) {
+    return it->second;
+  }
+  return "";
+}
+
+bool ResourceManager::hasJsonFile(const std::string &key) const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+  return jsonFileCache_.find(key) != jsonFileCache_.end();
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::unloadJsonFile(const std::string &key) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+  auto it = jsonFileCache_.find(key);
+  if (it != jsonFileCache_.end()) {
+    jsonFileCache_.erase(it);
+    E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: unloaded JSON file: {}", key);
+  }
+}
+
+void ResourceManager::clearJsonFileCache() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+  size_t count = jsonFileCache_.size();
+  jsonFileCache_.clear();
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("ResourceManager: cleared {} JSON files from cache", count);
+}
+
+size_t ResourceManager::getJsonFileCacheSize() const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(jsonFileMutex_);
+  return jsonFileCache_.size();
+}
+
 } // namespace extra2d

Extra2D/src/scene/scene.cpp

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ void Scene::setViewportSize(float width, float height) {
   viewportSize_ = Size(width, height);
   if (defaultCamera_) {
     defaultCamera_->setViewport(0, width, height, 0);
-  }
+  } else if (camera_) {
-  if (camera_) {
     camera_->setViewport(0, width, height, 0);
   }
 }
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ std::vector<std::pair<Node *, Node *>> Scene::queryCollisions() const {
 }
 
 void Scene::collectRenderCommands(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
-                                   int parentZOrder) {
+                                  int parentZOrder) {
   if (!isVisible())
     return;
 

examples/flappy_bird/BaseScene.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// ============================================================================
+// BaseScene.cpp - Flappy Bird 基础场景实现
+// ============================================================================
+
+#include "BaseScene.h"
+#include <extra2d/utils/logger.h>
+
+namespace flappybird {
+
+BaseScene::BaseScene() {
+  // 设置背景颜色为黑色（窗口四周会显示这个颜色）
+  setBackgroundColor(extra2d::Color(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+}
+
+void BaseScene::onEnter() {
+  extra2d::Scene::onEnter();
+  // 计算并更新视口
+  updateViewport();
+}
+
+void BaseScene::updateViewport() {
+  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+
+  // 计算游戏内容在窗口中的居中位置
+  // 保持游戏原始宽高比，进行"黑边"适配
+  float scaleX = windowWidth / GAME_WIDTH;
+  float scaleY = windowHeight / GAME_HEIGHT;
+  // 使用较小的缩放比例，确保游戏内容完整显示在窗口中
+  float scale = std::min(scaleX, scaleY);
+
+  scaledGameWidth_ = GAME_WIDTH * scale;
+  scaledGameHeight_ = GAME_HEIGHT * scale;
+  // 计算居中偏移，使游戏内容在窗口中水平和垂直居中
+  viewportOffsetX_ = (windowWidth - scaledGameWidth_) * 0.5f;
+  viewportOffsetY_ = (windowHeight - scaledGameHeight_) * 0.5f;
+
+  // 设置视口大小为游戏逻辑分辨率
+  setViewportSize(GAME_WIDTH, GAME_HEIGHT);
+
+  // 创建并设置相机
+  auto camera = extra2d::makePtr<extra2d::Camera>();
+  // 设置正交投影，覆盖整个游戏逻辑区域
+  // 注意：对于2D游戏，Y轴向下增长，所以bottom > top
+  camera->setViewport(0.0f, GAME_WIDTH, GAME_HEIGHT, 0.0f);
+  setCamera(camera);
+}
+
+void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+  // 检查窗口大小是否改变，如果改变则更新视口
+  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+
+  // 如果窗口大小改变，重新计算视口
+  float expectedWidth = scaledGameWidth_ + viewportOffsetX_ * 2.0f;
+  float expectedHeight = scaledGameHeight_ + viewportOffsetY_ * 2.0f;
+  if (std::abs(currentWindowWidth - expectedWidth) > 1.0f ||
+      std::abs(currentWindowHeight - expectedHeight) > 1.0f) {
+    E2D_LOG_INFO("BaseScene::onRender - window size changed from ({} x {}) to "
+                 "({} x {}), updating viewport",
+                 expectedWidth, expectedHeight, currentWindowWidth,
+                 currentWindowHeight);
+    updateViewport();
+  }
+
+  // 设置视口为居中区域
+  E2D_LOG_INFO(
+      "BaseScene::onRender - setting viewport: x={}, y={}, width={}, height={}",
+      static_cast<int>(viewportOffsetX_), static_cast<int>(viewportOffsetY_),
+      static_cast<int>(scaledGameWidth_), static_cast<int>(scaledGameHeight_));
+  renderer.setViewport(
+      static_cast<int>(viewportOffsetX_), static_cast<int>(viewportOffsetY_),
+      static_cast<int>(scaledGameWidth_), static_cast<int>(scaledGameHeight_));
+
+  // 调用父类的 onRender 进行实际渲染
+  extra2d::Scene::onRender(renderer);
+}
+
+} // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/BaseScene.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// ============================================================================
+// BaseScene.h - Flappy Bird 基础场景类
+// 描述: 提供统一的居中视口适配功能，所有游戏场景都应继承此类
+// ============================================================================
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
+
+namespace flappybird {
+
+// 游戏逻辑分辨率（原始 Flappy Bird 尺寸）
+static constexpr float GAME_WIDTH = 288.0f;
+static constexpr float GAME_HEIGHT = 512.0f;
+
+/**
+ * @brief Flappy Bird 基础场景类
+ * 所有游戏场景都应继承此类，以获得统一的居中视口适配功能
+ */
+class BaseScene : public extra2d::Scene {
+public:
+  /**
+   * @brief 构造函数
+   */
+  BaseScene();
+
+  /**
+   * @brief 场景进入时调用
+   */
+  void onEnter() override;
+
+  /**
+   * @brief 渲染时调用，设置居中视口
+   * @param renderer 渲染后端
+   */
+  void onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+
+protected:
+  /**
+   * @brief 更新视口计算，使游戏内容在窗口中居中显示
+   */
+  void updateViewport();
+
+  // 视口适配参数（用于在窗口中居中显示游戏内容）
+  float scaledGameWidth_ = 0.0f;  // 缩放后的游戏宽度
+  float scaledGameHeight_ = 0.0f; // 缩放后的游戏高度
+  float viewportOffsetX_ = 0.0f;  // 视口水平偏移
+  float viewportOffsetY_ = 0.0f;  // 视口垂直偏移
+};
+
+} // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/GameOverLayer.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // ============================================================================
 
 #include "GameOverLayer.h"
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 #include "GameScene.h"
 #include "Number.h"
 #include "ResLoader.h"
@@ -19,9 +20,9 @@ void GameOverLayer::onEnter() {
   Node::onEnter();
 
   // 在 onEnter 中初始化，此时 weak_from_this() 可用
-  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  // 使用游戏逻辑分辨率
-  float screenWidth = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().width);
+  float screenWidth = GAME_WIDTH;
-  float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+  float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
   // 整体居中（x 坐标相对于屏幕中心）
   setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(screenWidth / 2.0f, screenHeight));
@@ -45,6 +46,15 @@ void GameOverLayer::onEnter() {
   // 创建向上移动的动画（从屏幕底部移动到正常位置）
   auto moveAction = extra2d::makePtr<extra2d::MoveBy>(
       1.0f, extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, -screenHeight));
+  moveAction->setCompletionCallback([this]() {
+    animationDone_ = true;
+    if (restartBtn_)
+      restartBtn_->setEnabled(true);
+    if (menuBtn_)
+      menuBtn_->setEnabled(true);
+    if (shareBtn_)
+      shareBtn_->setEnabled(true);
+  });
   runAction(moveAction);
 }
 
@@ -107,63 +117,60 @@ void GameOverLayer::initPanel(int score, float screenHeight) {
 }
 
 void GameOverLayer::initButtons() {
-  // 创建重新开始按钮（y=360）
   auto restartFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("button_restart");
   if (restartFrame) {
-    auto restartBtn = extra2d::Button::create();
+    restartBtn_ = extra2d::Button::create();
-    restartBtn->setBackgroundImage(restartFrame->getTexture(),
+    restartBtn_->setBackgroundImage(restartFrame->getTexture(),
-                                   restartFrame->getRect());
+                                    restartFrame->getRect());
-    restartBtn->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
+    restartBtn_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
-    restartBtn->setPosition(
+    restartBtn_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 360.0f));
-        extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 360.0f)); // x=0 表示相对于中心点
+    restartBtn_->setEnabled(false);
-    restartBtn->setOnClick([]() {
+    restartBtn_->setOnClick([]() {
       ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click);
       auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
       app.scenes().replaceScene(extra2d::makePtr<GameScene>(),
                                 extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
     });
-    addChild(restartBtn);
+    addChild(restartBtn_);
   }
 
-  // 创建返回主菜单按钮（y=420）
   auto menuFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("button_menu");
   if (menuFrame) {
-    auto menuBtn = extra2d::Button::create();
+    menuBtn_ = extra2d::Button::create();
-    menuBtn->setBackgroundImage(menuFrame->getTexture(), menuFrame->getRect());
+    menuBtn_->setBackgroundImage(menuFrame->getTexture(), menuFrame->getRect());
-    menuBtn->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
+    menuBtn_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
-    menuBtn->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 420.0f)); // x=0 表示相对于中心点
+    menuBtn_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 420.0f));
-    menuBtn->setOnClick([]() {
+    menuBtn_->setEnabled(false);
+    menuBtn_->setOnClick([]() {
       ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click);
       auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
       app.scenes().replaceScene(extra2d::makePtr<StartScene>(),
                                 extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
     });
-    addChild(menuBtn);
+    addChild(menuBtn_);
   }
 
-  // 创建分享按钮（y=480，在 MENU 按钮下方）
   auto shareFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("button_share");
   if (shareFrame) {
-    auto shareBtn = extra2d::Button::create();
+    shareBtn_ = extra2d::Button::create();
-    shareBtn->setBackgroundImage(shareFrame->getTexture(),
+    shareBtn_->setBackgroundImage(shareFrame->getTexture(),
-                                 shareFrame->getRect());
+                                  shareFrame->getRect());
-    shareBtn->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
+    shareBtn_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.5f, 0.5f));
-    shareBtn->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 460.0f)); // x=0 表示相对于中心点
+    shareBtn_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 460.0f));
-    shareBtn->setOnClick([]() {
+    shareBtn_->setEnabled(false);
-      ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click);
+    shareBtn_->setOnClick([]() { ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click); });
-      // TODO: 实现分享功能
+    addChild(shareBtn_);
-    });
-    addChild(shareBtn);
   }
 }
 
 void GameOverLayer::onUpdate(float dt) {
   Node::onUpdate(dt);
 
-  // 检测手柄按键
+  if (!animationDone_)
+    return;
+
   auto &input = extra2d::Application::instance().input();
 
-  // A 键重新开始游戏
   if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::A)) {
     ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click);
     auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
@@ -171,7 +178,6 @@ void GameOverLayer::onUpdate(float dt) {
                               extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
   }
 
-  // B 键返回主菜单
   if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::B)) {
     ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Click);
     auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();

examples/flappy_bird/GameOverLayer.h

@@ -15,44 +15,48 @@ namespace flappybird {
  */
 class GameOverLayer : public extra2d::Node {
 public:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 构造函数
+   * @brief 构造函数
-     * @param score 本局得分
+   * @param score 本局得分
-     */
+   */
-    GameOverLayer(int score);
+  GameOverLayer(int score);
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 进入场景时调用
+   * @brief 进入场景时调用
-     */
+   */
-    void onEnter() override;
+  void onEnter() override;
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 每帧更新时调用
+   * @brief 每帧更新时调用
-     * @param dt 时间间隔
+   * @param dt 时间间隔
-     */
+   */
-    void onUpdate(float dt) override;
+  void onUpdate(float dt) override;
 
 private:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 初始化得分面板
+   * @brief 初始化得分面板
-     * @param score 本局得分
+   * @param score 本局得分
-     * @param screenHeight 屏幕高度
+   * @param screenHeight 屏幕高度
-     */
+   */
-    void initPanel(int score, float screenHeight);
+  void initPanel(int score, float screenHeight);
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 初始化按钮
+   * @brief 初始化按钮
-     */
+   */
-    void initButtons();
+  void initButtons();
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 根据得分获取奖牌
+   * @brief 根据得分获取奖牌
-     * @param score 得分
+   * @param score 得分
-     * @return 奖牌精灵帧
+   * @return 奖牌精灵帧
-     */
+   */
-    extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::SpriteFrame> getMedal(int score);
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::SpriteFrame> getMedal(int score);
 
-    int score_ = 0;  // 本局得分
+  int score_ = 0;                            // 本局得分
+  bool animationDone_ = false;               // 动画是否完成
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Button> restartBtn_; // 重新开始按钮
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Button> menuBtn_;    // 菜单按钮
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Button> shareBtn_;   // 分享按钮
 };
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/GameScene.cpp

@@ -10,20 +10,15 @@
 namespace flappybird {
 
 GameScene::GameScene() {
-  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  // 基类 BaseScene 已经处理了视口设置和背景颜色
-  auto &config = app.getConfig();
-  setViewportSize(static_cast<float>(config.width),
-                  static_cast<float>(config.height));
-  // 设置背景颜色为黑色
-  setBackgroundColor(extra2d::Color(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
 }
 
 void GameScene::onEnter() {
-  extra2d::Scene::onEnter();
+  BaseScene::onEnter();
 
-  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  // 游戏坐标系：使用游戏逻辑分辨率
-  float screenWidth = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().width);
+  float screenWidth = GAME_WIDTH;
-  float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+  float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
   // 添加背景（使用左上角锚点，与原游戏一致）
   auto bgFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("bg_day");
@@ -91,69 +86,52 @@ void GameScene::onEnter() {
 }
 
 void GameScene::onUpdate(float dt) {
-  // 注意：这里要先调用父类的 onUpdate，以确保 GameOverLayer 的动画能播放
+  if (!gameOver_) {
-  extra2d::Scene::onUpdate(dt);
+    if (!bird_)
+      return;
 
-  // 游戏结束后不再更新游戏逻辑（但子节点的动画继续）
+    auto &input = extra2d::Application::instance().input();
-  if (gameOver_)
-    return;
 
-  if (!bird_)
+    if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::A) ||
-    return;
+        input.isMousePressed(extra2d::MouseButton::Left)) {
-
+      if (!started_) {
-  auto &input = extra2d::Application::instance().input();
+        started_ = true;
-
+        startGame();
-  // 检测跳跃按键（A键或空格）
+      }
-  if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::A) ||
+      bird_->jump();
-      input.isMousePressed(extra2d::MouseButton::Left)) {
-    if (!started_) {
-      // 游戏还没开始，开始游戏
-      started_ = true;
-      startGame();
     }
-    bird_->jump();
-  }
 
-  // 游戏已经开始
+    if (started_) {
-  if (started_) {
+      bird_->fall(dt);
-    // 模拟小鸟下落
-    bird_->fall(dt);
 
-    // 检查得分（小鸟飞过水管）
+      if (pipes_) {
-    if (pipes_) {
+        Pipe *firstPipe = pipes_->getPipe(0);
-      Pipe *firstPipe = pipes_->getPipe(0);
+        if (firstPipe && !firstPipe->scored) {
-      if (firstPipe && !firstPipe->scored) {
+          float birdX = bird_->getPosition().x;
-        float birdX = bird_->getPosition().x;
+          float pipeX = firstPipe->getPosition().x;
-        float pipeX = firstPipe->getPosition().x;
+          if (pipeX <= birdX) {
-        if (pipeX <= birdX) {
+            score_++;
-          // 小鸟飞过了水管
+            scoreNumber_->setNumber(score_);
-          score_++;
+            firstPipe->scored = true;
-          scoreNumber_->setNumber(score_);
+            ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Point);
-          firstPipe->scored = true;
+          }
-          ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Point);
         }
       }
-    }
 
-    // 检查碰撞
+      if (bird_->isLiving() && checkCollision()) {
-    if (bird_->isLiving() && checkCollision()) {
+        onHit();
-      onHit();
+      }
-    }
 
-    // 检查是否撞到地面（原游戏使用 123 作为地面高度）
+      if (bird_->isLiving() && GAME_HEIGHT - bird_->getPosition().y <= 123.0f) {
-    auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+        bird_->setPosition(
-    float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+            extra2d::Vec2(bird_->getPosition().x, GAME_HEIGHT - 123.0f));
-
+        bird_->setStatus(Bird::Status::Still);
-    if (screenHeight - bird_->getPosition().y <= 123.0f) {
+        onHit();
-      // 小鸟撞到地面
+      }
-      bird_->setPosition(
-          extra2d::Vec2(bird_->getPosition().x, screenHeight - 123.0f));
-      bird_->setStatus(Bird::Status::Still);
-      onHit();
-
-      gameOver();
     }
   }
+
+  BaseScene::onUpdate(dt);
 }
 
 void GameScene::startGame() {
@@ -232,18 +210,16 @@ void GameScene::onHit() {
     scoreNumber_->setVisible(false);
   }
 
-  // 设置游戏结束标志
-  gameOver_ = true;
-
-  // 延迟显示游戏结束界面
   gameOver();
 }
 
 void GameScene::gameOver() {
+  if (gameOver_)
+    return;
+
   started_ = false;
   gameOver_ = true;
 
-  // 显示游戏结束层
   auto gameOverLayer = extra2d::makePtr<GameOverLayer>(score_);
   addChild(gameOverLayer);
 }

examples/flappy_bird/GameScene.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 #include "Bird.h"
 #include "Pipes.h"
 #include "Ground.h"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace flappybird {
  * @brief 游戏主场景类
  * 游戏的核心场景，处理游戏逻辑、碰撞检测和得分
  */
-class GameScene : public extra2d::Scene {
+class GameScene : public BaseScene {
 public:
     /**
      * @brief 构造函数

examples/flappy_bird/ResLoader.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 #include "ResLoader.h"
 #include <json/json.hpp>
-#include <fstream>
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
@@ -13,84 +12,88 @@ std::map<std::string, ResLoader::ImageInfo> ResLoader::imageMap_;
 std::map<MusicType, extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Sound>> ResLoader::soundMap_;
 
 void ResLoader::init() {
-    auto& resources = extra2d::Application::instance().resources();
+  auto &resources = extra2d::Application::instance().resources();
 
-    // 加载图集纹理
+  // 加载图集纹理
-    atlasTexture_ = resources.loadTexture("assets/images/atlas.png");
+  atlasTexture_ = resources.loadTexture("assets/images/atlas.png");
-    if (!atlasTexture_) {
+  if (!atlasTexture_) {
-        E2D_LOG_ERROR("无法加载图集纹理 atlas.png");
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("无法加载图集纹理 atlas.png");
-        return;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // 使用资源管理器加载 JSON 文件
+  std::string jsonContent = resources.loadJsonFile("assets/images/atlas.json");
+  if (jsonContent.empty()) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("无法加载 atlas.json 文件");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // 解析 JSON 图集数据
+  try {
+    nlohmann::json jsonData = nlohmann::json::parse(jsonContent);
+
+    for (const auto &sprite : jsonData["sprites"]) {
+      std::string name = sprite["name"];
+      float x = sprite["x"];
+      float y = sprite["y"];
+      float width = sprite["width"];
+      float height = sprite["height"];
+
+      ImageInfo info = {width, height, x, y};
+      imageMap_[name] = info;
     }
 
-    // 读取 atlas.json 文件
+    E2D_LOG_INFO("成功加载 {} 个精灵帧", imageMap_.size());
-    std::ifstream file("assets/images/atlas.json");
+  } catch (const std::exception &e) {
-    if (!file.is_open()) {
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("解析 atlas.json 失败: {}", e.what());
-        E2D_LOG_ERROR("无法打开 atlas.json 文件");
+    return;
-        return;
+  }
-    }
 
-    // 解析 JSON 图集数据
+  // 加载音效
-    try {
+  soundMap_[MusicType::Click] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/click.wav");
-        nlohmann::json jsonData;
+  soundMap_[MusicType::Hit] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/hit.wav");
-        file >> jsonData;
+  soundMap_[MusicType::Fly] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/fly.wav");
+  soundMap_[MusicType::Point] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/point.wav");
+  soundMap_[MusicType::Swoosh] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/swoosh.wav");
 
-        for (const auto& sprite : jsonData["sprites"]) {
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("资源加载完成");
-            std::string name = sprite["name"];
-            float x = sprite["x"];
-            float y = sprite["y"];
-            float width = sprite["width"];
-            float height = sprite["height"];
-            
-            ImageInfo info = { width, height, x, y };
-            imageMap_[name] = info;
-        }
-        
-        E2D_LOG_INFO("成功加载 {} 个精灵帧", imageMap_.size());
-    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
-        E2D_LOG_ERROR("解析 atlas.json 失败: {}", e.what());
-        file.close();
-        return;
-    }
-    
-    file.close();
-
-    // 加载音效
-    soundMap_[MusicType::Click] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/click.wav");
-    soundMap_[MusicType::Hit] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/hit.wav");
-    soundMap_[MusicType::Fly] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/fly.wav");
-    soundMap_[MusicType::Point] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/point.wav");
-    soundMap_[MusicType::Swoosh] = resources.loadSound("assets/sound/swoosh.wav");
-
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("资源加载完成");
 }
 
-extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::SpriteFrame> ResLoader::getKeyFrame(const std::string& name) {
+extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::SpriteFrame>
-    auto it = imageMap_.find(name);
+ResLoader::getKeyFrame(const std::string &name) {
-    if (it == imageMap_.end()) {
+  auto it = imageMap_.find(name);
-        E2D_LOG_WARN("找不到精灵帧: %s", name.c_str());
+  if (it == imageMap_.end()) {
-        return nullptr;
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("找不到精灵帧: %s", name.c_str());
-    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
 
-    const ImageInfo& info = it->second;
+  const ImageInfo &info = it->second;
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("加载精灵帧: name={}, w={}, h={}, x={}, y={}", 
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("加载精灵帧: name={}, w={}, h={}, x={}, y={}", name, info.width,
-                 name, info.width, info.height, info.x, info.y);
+               info.height, info.x, info.y);
 
-    // 检查纹理尺寸
+  // 检查纹理尺寸
-    if (atlasTexture_) {
+  if (atlasTexture_) {
-        E2D_LOG_INFO("图集纹理尺寸: {}x{}", atlasTexture_->getWidth(), atlasTexture_->getHeight());
+    E2D_LOG_INFO("图集纹理尺寸: {}x{}", atlasTexture_->getWidth(),
-    }
+                 atlasTexture_->getHeight());
+  }
 
-    return extra2d::makePtr<extra2d::SpriteFrame>(
+  return extra2d::makePtr<extra2d::SpriteFrame>(
-        atlasTexture_,
+      atlasTexture_, extra2d::Rect(info.x, info.y, info.width, info.height));
-        extra2d::Rect(info.x, info.y, info.width, info.height)
-    );
 }
 
 void ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType type) {
-    auto it = soundMap_.find(type);
+  auto it = soundMap_.find(type);
-    if (it != soundMap_.end() && it->second) {
+  if (it == soundMap_.end()) {
-        it->second->play();
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResLoader::playMusic: sound type not found");
-    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!it->second) {
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResLoader::playMusic: sound pointer is null");
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!it->second->play()) {
+    E2D_LOG_WARN("ResLoader::playMusic: failed to play sound");
+  }
 }
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/SplashScene.cpp

@@ -3,67 +3,47 @@
 // ============================================================================
 
 #include "SplashScene.h"
-#include "StartScene.h"
 #include "ResLoader.h"
+#include "StartScene.h"
+#include <extra2d/utils/logger.h>
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
 SplashScene::SplashScene() {
-    // 设置视口大小
+  // 基类 BaseScene 已经处理了视口设置和背景颜色
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-    auto& config = app.getConfig();
-    setViewportSize(static_cast<float>(config.width), static_cast<float>(config.height));
 }
 
 void SplashScene::onEnter() {
-    extra2d::Scene::onEnter();
+  BaseScene::onEnter();
 
-    // 设置黑色背景
+  // 尝试加载 splash 图片
-    setBackgroundColor(extra2d::Color(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+  auto splashFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("splash");
-
+  if (splashFrame) {
-    auto viewport = getViewportSize();
+    auto splash = extra2d::Sprite::create(splashFrame->getTexture(),
-    float centerX = viewport.width / 2.0f;
+                                          splashFrame->getRect());
-    float centerY = viewport.height / 2.0f;
+    splash->setAnchor(0.5f, 0.5f);
-
+    // splash 图片是全屏的(288x512)，将其中心放在游戏区域中心
-    // 尝试加载 splash 图片
+    splash->setPosition(GAME_WIDTH / 2.0f, GAME_HEIGHT / 2.0f);
-    auto splashFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("splash");
+    addChild(splash);
-    if (splashFrame) {
+  }
-        auto splash = extra2d::Sprite::create(splashFrame->getTexture(), splashFrame->getRect());
+  // 播放转场音效
-        splash->setAnchor(0.5f, 0.5f);
+  ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Swoosh);
-        splash->setPosition(centerX, centerY);
-        addChild(splash);
-    } else {
-        // 如果 splash 加载失败，尝试加载 title 图片作为备用
-        auto titleFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("title");
-        if (titleFrame) {
-            auto title = extra2d::Sprite::create(titleFrame->getTexture(), titleFrame->getRect());
-            title->setAnchor(0.5f, 0.5f);
-            title->setPosition(centerX, centerY);
-            addChild(title);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // 播放转场音效
-    ResLoader::playMusic(MusicType::Swoosh);
 }
 
 void SplashScene::onUpdate(float dt) {
-    extra2d::Scene::onUpdate(dt);
+  BaseScene::onUpdate(dt);
 
-    // 计时
+  // 计时
-    timer_ += dt;
+  timer_ += dt;
-    if (timer_ >= delay_) {
+  if (timer_ >= delay_) {
-        gotoStartScene();
+    gotoStartScene();
-    }
+  }
 }
 
 void SplashScene::gotoStartScene() {
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-    app.scenes().replaceScene(
+  app.scenes().replaceScene(extra2d::makePtr<StartScene>(),
-        extra2d::makePtr<StartScene>(),
+                            extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
-        extra2d::TransitionType::Fade,
-        0.5f
-    );
 }
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/SplashScene.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
@@ -13,32 +13,32 @@ namespace flappybird {
  * @brief 启动场景类
  * 显示游戏 Logo，短暂延迟后进入主菜单
  */
-class SplashScene : public extra2d::Scene {
+class SplashScene : public BaseScene {
 public:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 构造函数
+   * @brief 构造函数
-     */
+   */
-    SplashScene();
+  SplashScene();
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 场景进入时调用
+   * @brief 场景进入时调用
-     */
+   */
-    void onEnter() override;
+  void onEnter() override;
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 每帧更新时调用
+   * @brief 每帧更新时调用
-     * @param dt 时间间隔（秒）
+   * @param dt 时间间隔（秒）
-     */
+   */
-    void onUpdate(float dt) override;
+  void onUpdate(float dt) override;
 
 private:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 跳转到开始场景
+   * @brief 跳转到开始场景
-     */
+   */
-    void gotoStartScene();
+  void gotoStartScene();
 
-    float timer_ = 0.0f;        // 计时器
+  float timer_ = 0.0f;       // 计时器
-    const float delay_ = 2.0f;  // 延迟时间（秒）
+  const float delay_ = 2.0f; // 延迟时间（秒）
 };
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/StartScene.cpp

@@ -12,21 +12,15 @@
 namespace flappybird {
 
 StartScene::StartScene() {
-  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  // 基类 BaseScene 已经处理了视口设置和背景颜色
-  auto &config = app.getConfig();
-  setViewportSize(static_cast<float>(config.width),
-                  static_cast<float>(config.height));
 }
 
 void StartScene::onEnter() {
-  extra2d::Scene::onEnter();
+  BaseScene::onEnter();
 
-  // 设置背景颜色为黑色（防止透明）
+  // 使用游戏逻辑分辨率
-  setBackgroundColor(extra2d::Color(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+  float screenWidth = GAME_WIDTH;
-
+  float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
-  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float screenWidth = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().width);
-  float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
 
   // 添加背景（使用左上角锚点）
   auto bgFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("bg_day");
@@ -125,7 +119,7 @@ void StartScene::onEnter() {
 }
 
 void StartScene::onUpdate(float dt) {
-  extra2d::Scene::onUpdate(dt);
+  BaseScene::onUpdate(dt);
 
   // 检测 A 键或空格开始游戏
   auto &input = extra2d::Application::instance().input();

examples/flappy_bird/StartScene.h

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ namespace flappybird {
  * @brief 开始场景类
  * 游戏主菜单，包含开始游戏按钮和版权信息
  */
-class StartScene : public extra2d::Scene {
+class StartScene : public BaseScene {
 public:
     /**
      * @brief 构造函数

examples/flappy_bird/ground.cpp

@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@
 
 #include "Ground.h"
 #include "ResLoader.h"
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
 Ground::Ground() {
     moving_ = true;
 
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+    // 使用游戏逻辑高度，而不是窗口高度
-    float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+    float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
     // 获取地面纹理帧
     auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");

examples/flappy_bird/main.cpp

@@ -4,51 +4,50 @@
 // 描述: 经典的 Flappy Bird 游戏实现
 // ============================================================================
 
-#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
-#include "SplashScene.h"
 #include "ResLoader.h"
+#include "SplashScene.h"
+#include <extra2d/extra2d.h>
 
 using namespace extra2d;
 
 /**
  * @brief 程序入口
  */
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-{
+  // 初始化日志系统
-    // 初始化日志系统
+  Logger::init();
-    Logger::init();
+  Logger::setLevel(LogLevel::Debug);
-    Logger::setLevel(LogLevel::Debug);
 
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("========================");
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("========================");
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("Extra2D FlappyBird");
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("Extra2D FlappyBird");
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("========================");
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("========================");
 
-    // 获取应用实例
+  // 获取应用实例
-    auto &app = Application::instance();
+  auto &app = Application::instance();
 
-    // 配置应用
+  // 配置应用
-    AppConfig config;
+  AppConfig config;
-    config.title = "Extra2D - FlappyBird";
+  config.title = "Extra2D - FlappyBird";
-    config.width = 288;      // 原始游戏宽度
+  config.width = 1280; // 窗口宽度 (720P 分辨率)
-    config.height = 512;     // 原始游戏高度
+  config.height = 720; // 窗口高度 (720P 分辨率)
-    config.vsync = true;
+  config.vsync = true;
-    config.fpsLimit = 60;
+  config.fpsLimit = 60;
 
-    // 初始化应用
+  // 初始化应用
-    if (!app.init(config)) {
+  if (!app.init(config)) {
-        E2D_LOG_ERROR("应用初始化失败！");
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("应用初始化失败！");
-        return -1;
+    return -1;
-    }
+  }
 
-    // 初始化资源加载器
+  // 初始化资源加载器
-    flappybird::ResLoader::init();
+  flappybird::ResLoader::init();
 
-    // 进入启动场景
+  // 进入启动场景
-    app.enterScene(makePtr<flappybird::SplashScene>());
+  app.enterScene(makePtr<flappybird::SplashScene>());
 
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("开始主循环...");
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("开始主循环...");
-    app.run();
+  app.run();
 
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("应用结束");
+  E2D_LOG_INFO("应用结束");
-    return 0;
+  return 0;
 }

examples/flappy_bird/pipe.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "Pipe.h"
 #include "ResLoader.h"
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
@@ -18,8 +19,8 @@ void Pipe::onEnter() {
     
     // 在 onEnter 中创建子节点，此时 weak_from_this() 可用
     if (!topPipe_ && !bottomPipe_) {
-        auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+        // 使用游戏逻辑高度
-        float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+        float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
         // 获取地面高度
         auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");
@@ -62,8 +63,8 @@ extra2d::Rect Pipe::getBoundingBox() const {
     float pipeWidth = 52.0f;
     float halfWidth = pipeWidth / 2.0f;
     
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+    // 使用游戏逻辑高度
-    float screenHeight = static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().height);
+    float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
     
     return extra2d::Rect(
         pos.x - halfWidth,

examples/flappy_bird/pipes.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // ============================================================================
 
 #include "Pipes.h"
+#include "BaseScene.h"
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
@@ -76,9 +77,8 @@ void Pipes::addPipe() {
     // 设置水管位置
     if (pipeCount_ == 0) {
         // 第一个水管在屏幕外 130 像素处
-        auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
         pipe->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(
-            static_cast<float>(app.getConfig().width) + 130.0f,
+            GAME_WIDTH + 130.0f,
             0.0f
         ));
     } else {