refactor(渲染系统): 重命名 RenderBackend 为 Renderer 并统一相关接口命名

将渲染后端基类从 RenderBackend 重命名为 Renderer，使其更简洁直观
更新所有相关派生类和接口引用，保持命名一致性
修改渲染器相关方法参数类型为 Renderer&
调整部分成员函数命名风格，如 getWidth()/getHeight() 改为 width()/height()
更新文档和注释中的渲染后端相关描述

README.md

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ mindmap
         触摸 Touch
       输入码 InputCodes
     渲染系统
-      渲染后端 RenderBackend
+      渲染后端 Renderer
       OpenGL 实现
         GLRenderer
         GLShader

examples/collision_demo/main.cpp

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public:
                 height_);
   }
 
-  void onRender(RenderBackend &renderer) override {
+  void onRender(Renderer &renderer) override {
     Vec2 position = pos();
 
     // 绘制填充矩形

examples/flappy_bird/BaseScene.cpp

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ void BaseScene::onEnter() {
 
 void BaseScene::updateViewport() {
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 计算游戏内容在窗口中的居中位置
   // 保持游戏原始宽高比，进行"黑边"适配
@@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ void BaseScene::updateViewport() {
   setCamera(camera);
 }
 
-void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) {
   // 检查窗口大小是否改变，如果改变则更新视口
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 如果窗口大小改变，重新计算视口
   float expectedWidth = scaledGameWidth_ + viewportOffsetX_ * 2.0f;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
   extra2d::Scene::onRender(renderer);
 }
 
-void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) {
   // 如果视口参数未初始化（onEnter 还没被调用），先初始化
   if (scaledGameWidth_ <= 0.0f || scaledGameHeight_ <= 0.0f) {
     updateViewport();
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
 
   // 检查窗口大小是否改变
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   float expectedWidth = scaledGameWidth_ + viewportOffsetX_ * 2.0f;
   float expectedHeight = scaledGameHeight_ + viewportOffsetY_ * 2.0f;

examples/flappy_bird/BaseScene.h

@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ public:
    * @brief 渲染时调用，设置居中视口
    * @param renderer 渲染后端
    */
-  void onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) override;
 
   /**
    * @brief 渲染场景内容，确保视口正确设置
    * @param renderer 渲染后端
    */
-  void renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 protected:
   /**

examples/flappy_bird/ResLoader.cpp

@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ ResLoader::getKeyFrame(const std::string &name) {
 
   // 检查纹理尺寸
   if (atlasTexture_) {
-    E2D_LOG_INFO("图集纹理尺寸: {}x{}", atlasTexture_->getWidth(),
+    E2D_LOG_INFO("图集纹理尺寸: {}x{}", atlasTexture_->width(),
-                 atlasTexture_->getHeight());
+                 atlasTexture_->height());
   }
 
   return extra2d::makePtr<extra2d::SpriteFrame>(

examples/flappy_bird/bird.cpp

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ void Bird::onUpdate(float dt) {
   }
 }
 
-void Bird::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Bird::onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) {
   // 精灵会自动渲染，这里只需要处理旋转和偏移
   if (sprite_) {
     sprite_->setRotation(rotation_);

examples/flappy_bird/bird.h

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public:
    * @brief 渲染小鸟
    * @param renderer 渲染后端
    */
-  void onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) override;
 
   /**
    * @brief 进入场景时调用

examples/flappy_bird/ground.cpp

@@ -3,75 +3,77 @@
 // ============================================================================
 
 #include "Ground.h"
-#include "ResLoader.h"
 #include "BaseScene.h"
+#include "ResLoader.h"
+
 
 namespace flappybird {
 
 Ground::Ground() {
-    moving_ = true;
+  moving_ = true;
 
-    // 使用游戏逻辑高度，而不是窗口高度
+  // 使用游戏逻辑高度，而不是窗口高度
-    float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
+  float screenHeight = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
-    // 获取地面纹理帧
+  // 获取地面纹理帧
-    auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");
+  auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");
-    if (!landFrame) return;
+  if (!landFrame)
+    return;
 
-    // 获取地面纹理和矩形
+  // 获取地面纹理和矩形
-    auto texture = landFrame->getTexture();
+  auto texture = landFrame->getTexture();
-    auto rect = landFrame->getRect();
+  auto rect = landFrame->getRect();
-    float groundWidth = rect.size.width;
+  float groundWidth = rect.size.width;
-    float groundHeight = rect.size.height;
+  float groundHeight = rect.size.height;
 
-    // 创建第一块地面
+  // 创建第一块地面
-    ground1_ = extra2d::Sprite::create(texture, rect);
+  ground1_ = extra2d::Sprite::create(texture, rect);
-    ground1_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));  // 锚点设在左下角
+  ground1_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 1.0f)); // 锚点设在左下角
-    ground1_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, screenHeight));
+  ground1_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, screenHeight));
-    addChild(ground1_);
+  addChild(ground1_);
 
-    // 创建第二块地面，紧挨在第一块右边
+  // 创建第二块地面，紧挨在第一块右边
-    ground2_ = extra2d::Sprite::create(texture, rect);
+  ground2_ = extra2d::Sprite::create(texture, rect);
-    ground2_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
+  ground2_->setAnchor(extra2d::Vec2(0.0f, 1.0f));
-    ground2_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(groundWidth - 1.0f, screenHeight));
+  ground2_->setPosition(extra2d::Vec2(groundWidth - 1.0f, screenHeight));
-    addChild(ground2_);
+  addChild(ground2_);
 }
 
 void Ground::onUpdate(float dt) {
-    extra2d::Node::onUpdate(dt);
+  extra2d::Node::onUpdate(dt);
 
-    if (!moving_) return;
+  if (!moving_)
-    if (!ground1_ || !ground2_) return;
+    return;
+  if (!ground1_ || !ground2_)
+    return;
 
-    // 获取地面宽度（从纹理矩形获取）
+  // 获取地面宽度（从纹理矩形获取）
-    float groundWidth = ground1_->getTextureRect().size.width;
+  float groundWidth = ground1_->getTextureRect().size.width;
 
-    // 移动两块地面
+  // 移动两块地面
-    extra2d::Vec2 pos1 = ground1_->pos();
+  extra2d::Vec2 pos1 = ground1_->pos();
-    extra2d::Vec2 pos2 = ground2_->pos();
+  extra2d::Vec2 pos2 = ground2_->pos();
 
-    pos1.x -= speed * dt;
+  pos1.x -= speed * dt;
-    pos2.x -= speed * dt;
+  pos2.x -= speed * dt;
 
-    // 当地面完全移出屏幕左侧时，重置到右侧
+  // 当地面完全移出屏幕左侧时，重置到右侧
-    if (pos1.x <= -groundWidth) {
+  if (pos1.x <= -groundWidth) {
-        pos1.x = pos2.x + groundWidth - 1.0f;
+    pos1.x = pos2.x + groundWidth - 1.0f;
-    }
+  }
-    if (pos2.x <= -groundWidth) {
+  if (pos2.x <= -groundWidth) {
-        pos2.x = pos1.x + groundWidth - 1.0f;
+    pos2.x = pos1.x + groundWidth - 1.0f;
-    }
+  }
 
-    ground1_->setPosition(pos1);
+  ground1_->setPosition(pos1);
-    ground2_->setPosition(pos2);
+  ground2_->setPosition(pos2);
 }
 
-void Ground::stop() {
+void Ground::stop() { moving_ = false; }
-    moving_ = false;
-}
 
-float Ground::getHeight() const {
+float Ground::height() const {
-    auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");
+  auto landFrame = ResLoader::getKeyFrame("land");
-    return landFrame ? landFrame->getRect().size.height : 112.0f;
+  return landFrame ? landFrame->getRect().size.height : 112.0f;
 }
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/flappy_bird/ground.h

@@ -15,34 +15,34 @@ namespace flappybird {
  */
 class Ground : public extra2d::Node {
 public:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 构造函数
+   * @brief 构造函数
-     */
+   */
-    Ground();
+  Ground();
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 每帧更新
+   * @brief 每帧更新
-     * @param dt 时间间隔（秒）
+   * @param dt 时间间隔（秒）
-     */
+   */
-    void onUpdate(float dt) override;
+  void onUpdate(float dt) override;
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 停止地面滚动
+   * @brief 停止地面滚动
-     */
+   */
-    void stop();
+  void stop();
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 获取地面高度
+   * @brief 获取地面高度
-     * @return 地面高度
+   * @return 地面高度
-     */
+   */
-    float getHeight() const;
+  float height() const;
 
 private:
-    extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Sprite> ground1_;     // 第一块地面
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Sprite> ground1_; // 第一块地面
-    extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Sprite> ground2_;     // 第二块地面
+  extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::Sprite> ground2_; // 第二块地面
 
-    static constexpr float speed = 120.0f;      // 滚动速度（像素/秒）
+  static constexpr float speed = 120.0f; // 滚动速度（像素/秒）
-    bool moving_ = true;                        // 是否正在滚动
+  bool moving_ = true;                   // 是否正在滚动
 };
 
 } // namespace flappybird

examples/push_box/BaseScene.cpp

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ void BaseScene::onEnter() {
  */
 void BaseScene::updateViewport() {
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 计算游戏内容在窗口中的居中位置
   // 保持游戏原始宽高比，进行"黑边"适配
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ void BaseScene::updateViewport() {
  * @brief 渲染时调用，设置居中视口
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) {
   // 检查窗口大小是否改变，如果改变则更新视口
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 如果窗口大小改变，重新计算视口
   float expectedWidth = scaledGameWidth_ + viewportOffsetX_ * 2.0f;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ void BaseScene::onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
  * @brief 渲染场景内容，确保视口正确设置
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) {
   // 如果视口参数未初始化（onEnter 还没被调用），先初始化
   if (scaledGameWidth_ <= 0.0f || scaledGameHeight_ <= 0.0f) {
     updateViewport();
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ void BaseScene::renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) {
 
   // 检查窗口大小是否改变
   auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float currentWindowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float currentWindowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   float expectedWidth = scaledGameWidth_ + viewportOffsetX_ * 2.0f;
   float expectedHeight = scaledGameHeight_ + viewportOffsetY_ * 2.0f;

examples/push_box/BaseScene.h

@@ -19,39 +19,39 @@ static constexpr float GAME_HEIGHT = 480.0f;
  */
 class BaseScene : public extra2d::Scene {
 public:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 构造函数
+   * @brief 构造函数
-     */
+   */
-    BaseScene();
+  BaseScene();
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 场景进入时调用
+   * @brief 场景进入时调用
-     */
+   */
-    void onEnter() override;
+  void onEnter() override;
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 渲染时调用，设置居中视口
+   * @brief 渲染时调用，设置居中视口
-     * @param renderer 渲染后端
+   * @param renderer 渲染后端
-     */
+   */
-    void onRender(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onRender(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) override;
 
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 渲染场景内容，确保视口正确设置
+   * @brief 渲染场景内容，确保视口正确设置
-     * @param renderer 渲染后端
+   * @param renderer 渲染后端
-     */
+   */
-    void renderContent(extra2d::RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(extra2d::Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 protected:
-    /**
+  /**
-     * @brief 更新视口计算，使游戏内容在窗口中居中显示
+   * @brief 更新视口计算，使游戏内容在窗口中居中显示
-     */
+   */
-    void updateViewport();
+  void updateViewport();
 
-    // 视口适配参数（用于在窗口中居中显示游戏内容）
+  // 视口适配参数（用于在窗口中居中显示游戏内容）
-    float scaledGameWidth_ = 0.0f;  // 缩放后的游戏宽度
+  float scaledGameWidth_ = 0.0f;  // 缩放后的游戏宽度
-    float scaledGameHeight_ = 0.0f; // 缩放后的游戏高度
+  float scaledGameHeight_ = 0.0f; // 缩放后的游戏高度
-    float viewportOffsetX_ = 0.0f;  // 视口水平偏移
+  float viewportOffsetX_ = 0.0f;  // 视口水平偏移
-    float viewportOffsetY_ = 0.0f;  // 视口垂直偏移
+  float viewportOffsetY_ = 0.0f;  // 视口垂直偏移
 };
 
 } // namespace pushbox

examples/push_box/PlayScene.cpp

@@ -238,8 +238,8 @@ void PlayScene::executeMenuItem() {
 void PlayScene::flush() {
   mapLayer_->removeAllChildren();
 
-  int tileW = texFloor_ ? texFloor_->getWidth() : 32;
+  int tileW = texFloor_ ? texFloor_->width() : 32;
-  int tileH = texFloor_ ? texFloor_->getHeight() : 32;
+  int tileH = texFloor_ ? texFloor_->height() : 32;
 
   // 使用游戏逻辑分辨率
   float gameWidth = GAME_WIDTH;
@@ -368,7 +368,8 @@ void PlayScene::move(int dx, int dy, int direct) {
   }
 
   // 使用对象池创建移动记录（自动管理内存）
-  auto record = E2D_MAKE_POOLED(MoveRecord, map_.roleX, map_.roleY, targetX, targetY, false);
+  auto record = E2D_MAKE_POOLED(MoveRecord, map_.roleX, map_.roleY, targetX,
+                                targetY, false);
 
   if (map_.value[targetY][targetX].type == TYPE::Ground) {
     g_Pushing = false;

examples/push_box/StartScene.cpp

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ void StartScene::onEnter() {
     auto bgTex = resources.loadTexture("assets/images/start.jpg");
     if (bgTex) {
       auto background = extra2d::Sprite::create(bgTex);
-      float bgWidth = static_cast<float>(bgTex->getWidth());
+      float bgWidth = static_cast<float>(bgTex->width());
-      float bgHeight = static_cast<float>(bgTex->getHeight());
+      float bgHeight = static_cast<float>(bgTex->height());
       float offsetX = (screenW - bgWidth) / 2.0f;
       float offsetY = (screenH - bgHeight) / 2.0f;
 

examples/push_box/SuccessScene.cpp

@@ -9,73 +9,73 @@
 namespace pushbox {
 
 SuccessScene::SuccessScene() : BaseScene() {
-    // BaseScene 已处理视口设置
+  // BaseScene 已处理视口设置
 }
 
 /**
  * @brief 加载菜单字体
  */
 static extra2d::Ptr<extra2d::FontAtlas> loadMenuFont() {
-    auto& resources = extra2d::Application::instance().resources();
+  auto &resources = extra2d::Application::instance().resources();
-    auto font = resources.loadFont("assets/font.ttf", 28);
+  auto font = resources.loadFont("assets/font.ttf", 28);
-    return font;
+  return font;
 }
 
 void SuccessScene::onEnter() {
-    BaseScene::onEnter();
+  BaseScene::onEnter();
 
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-    auto& resources = app.resources();
+  auto &resources = app.resources();
 
-    if (children().empty()) {
+  if (children().empty()) {
-        // 使用游戏逻辑分辨率
+    // 使用游戏逻辑分辨率
-        float screenW = GAME_WIDTH;
+    float screenW = GAME_WIDTH;
-        float screenH = GAME_HEIGHT;
+    float screenH = GAME_HEIGHT;
 
-        auto bgTex = resources.loadTexture("assets/images/success.jpg");
+    auto bgTex = resources.loadTexture("assets/images/success.jpg");
-        if (bgTex) {
+    if (bgTex) {
-            auto background = extra2d::Sprite::create(bgTex);
+      auto background = extra2d::Sprite::create(bgTex);
-            float bgWidth = static_cast<float>(bgTex->getWidth());
+      float bgWidth = static_cast<float>(bgTex->width());
-            float bgHeight = static_cast<float>(bgTex->getHeight());
+      float bgHeight = static_cast<float>(bgTex->height());
-            float offsetX = (screenW - bgWidth) / 2.0f;
+      float offsetX = (screenW - bgWidth) / 2.0f;
-            float offsetY = (screenH - bgHeight) / 2.0f;
+      float offsetY = (screenH - bgHeight) / 2.0f;
 
-            background->setAnchor(0.0f, 0.0f);
+      background->setAnchor(0.0f, 0.0f);
-            background->setPosition(offsetX, offsetY);
+      background->setPosition(offsetX, offsetY);
-            addChild(background);
+      addChild(background);
 
-            float centerX = screenW / 2.0f;
+      float centerX = screenW / 2.0f;
 
-            auto font = loadMenuFont();
+      auto font = loadMenuFont();
-            if (font) {
+      if (font) {
-                // 创建按钮文本（仅显示，不响应鼠标）
+        // 创建按钮文本（仅显示，不响应鼠标）
-                auto backText = extra2d::Text::create("回主菜单", font);
+        auto backText = extra2d::Text::create("回主菜单", font);
-                backText->setPosition(centerX, offsetY + 350.0f);
+        backText->setPosition(centerX, offsetY + 350.0f);
-                backText->setTextColor(extra2d::Colors::Black);
+        backText->setTextColor(extra2d::Colors::Black);
-                addChild(backText);
+        addChild(backText);
 
-                // 创建选择指示器（箭头）
+        // 创建选择指示器（箭头）
-                selectorText_ = extra2d::Text::create(">", font);
+        selectorText_ = extra2d::Text::create(">", font);
-                selectorText_->setTextColor(extra2d::Colors::Red);
+        selectorText_->setTextColor(extra2d::Colors::Red);
-                selectorText_->setPosition(centerX - 80.0f, offsetY + 350.0f);
+        selectorText_->setPosition(centerX - 80.0f, offsetY + 350.0f);
-                addChild(selectorText_);
+        addChild(selectorText_);
-            }
+      }
-        }
     }
+  }
 }
 
 void SuccessScene::onUpdate(float dt) {
-    BaseScene::onUpdate(dt);
+  BaseScene::onUpdate(dt);
 
-    auto& app = extra2d::Application::instance();
+  auto &app = extra2d::Application::instance();
-    auto& input = app.input();
+  auto &input = app.input();
 
-    // A键确认返回主菜单
+  // A键确认返回主菜单
-    if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::A)) {
+  if (input.isButtonPressed(extra2d::GamepadButton::A)) {
-        auto& scenes = extra2d::Application::instance().scenes();
+    auto &scenes = extra2d::Application::instance().scenes();
-        scenes.popScene(extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
+    scenes.popScene(extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
-        scenes.popScene(extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
+    scenes.popScene(extra2d::TransitionType::Fade, 0.5f);
-    }
+  }
 }
 
 } // namespace pushbox

examples/spatial_index_demo/main.cpp

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public:
     setPosition(position);
   }
 
-  void onRender(RenderBackend &renderer) override {
+  void onRender(Renderer &renderer) override {
     Vec2 position = pos();
 
     // 碰撞时变红色
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public:
     }
   }
 
-  void onRender(RenderBackend &renderer) override {
+  void onRender(Renderer &renderer) override {
     auto renderStart = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
 
     Scene::onRender(renderer);
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ private:
   /**
    * @brief 绘制图例方块
    */
-  void drawLegend(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+  void drawLegend(Renderer &renderer) {
     float legendX = screenWidth_ - 200.0f;
     float legendY = 20.0f + 25.0f; // 在标题下方
 

include/animation/sprite_frame_cache.h

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 #include <animation/sprite_frame.h>
 #include <graphics/texture.h>
-#include <resource/resource_manager.h>
-#include <utils/logger.h>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <resource/resource_manager.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <utils/logger.h>
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ public:
     if (!texture)
       return;
 
-    int texW = texture->getWidth();
+    int texW = texture->width();
-    int texH = texture->getHeight();
+    int texH = texture->height();
     int usableW = texW - 2 * margin;
     int usableH = texH - 2 * margin;
     int cols = (usableW + spacing) / (frameWidth + spacing);
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ public:
       return nullptr;
 
     // 默认整张纹理作为一帧（index=0），或用整张纹理
-    Rect rect(0.0f, 0.0f, static_cast<float>(texture->getWidth()),
+    Rect rect(0.0f, 0.0f, static_cast<float>(texture->width()),
-              static_cast<float>(texture->getHeight()));
+              static_cast<float>(texture->height()));
 
     auto frame = SpriteFrame::create(texture, rect);
     frame->setName(key);

include/app/application.h

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 #include <core/string.h>
 #include <core/types.h>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
-#include <platform/window.h>
 #include <memory>
+#include <platform/window.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -22,11 +23,7 @@ class Camera;
 // Application 配置
 // ============================================================================
 
-enum class PlatformType {
+enum class PlatformType { Auto = 0, PC, Switch };
-  Auto = 0,
-  PC,
-  Switch
-};
 
 struct AppConfig {
   std::string title = "Easy2D Application";
@@ -36,12 +33,12 @@ struct AppConfig {
   bool resizable = true;
   bool vsync = true;
   int fpsLimit = 0;
-  BackendType renderBackend = BackendType::OpenGL;
+  BackendType Renderer = BackendType::OpenGL;
   int msaaSamples = 0;
   PlatformType platform = PlatformType::Auto;
   // 窗口高级配置
-  bool enableCursors = true;        // 是否启用光标
+  bool enableCursors = true;   // 是否启用光标
-  bool enableDpiScale = false;      // 是否启用DPI缩放
+  bool enableDpiScale = false; // 是否启用DPI缩放
 };
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -76,7 +73,7 @@ public:
   // 子系统访问
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Window &window() { return *window_; }
-  RenderBackend &renderer() { return *renderer_; }
+  Renderer &renderer() { return *renderer_; }
   Input &input();
   AudioEngine &audio();
   SceneManager &scenes();
@@ -90,7 +87,8 @@ public:
   // 便捷方法
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   void enterScene(Ptr<class Scene> scene);
-  void enterScene(Ptr<class Scene> scene, Ptr<class TransitionScene> transitionScene);
+  void enterScene(Ptr<class Scene> scene,
+                  Ptr<class TransitionScene> transitionScene);
 
   float deltaTime() const { return deltaTime_; }
   float totalTime() const { return totalTime_; }
@@ -113,7 +111,7 @@ private:
 
   // 子系统
   UniquePtr<Window> window_;
-  UniquePtr<RenderBackend> renderer_;
+  UniquePtr<Renderer> renderer_;
   UniquePtr<SceneManager> sceneManager_;
   UniquePtr<ResourceManager> resourceManager_;
   UniquePtr<TimerManager> timerManager_;

include/graphics/alpha_mask.h

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ public:
   bool isValid(int x, int y) const;
 
   /// 获取遮罩尺寸
-  int getWidth() const { return width_; }
+  int width() const { return width_; }
-  int getHeight() const { return height_; }
+  int height() const { return height_; }
   Size size() const {
     return Size(static_cast<float>(width_), static_cast<float>(height_));
   }

include/graphics/opengl/gl_renderer.h

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ class Window;
 // ============================================================================
 // OpenGL 渲染器实现
 // ============================================================================
-class GLRenderer : public RenderBackend {
+class GLRenderer : public Renderer {
 public:
   GLRenderer();
   ~GLRenderer() override;
 
-  // RenderBackend 接口实现
+  // Renderer 接口实现
   bool init(Window *window) override;
   void shutdown() override;
 

include/graphics/opengl/gl_texture.h

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include <graphics/alpha_mask.h>
 #include <graphics/texture.h>
 
-
 #include <glad/glad.h>
 
 #include <memory>
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@ public:
   ~GLTexture();
 
   // Texture 接口实现
-  int getWidth() const override { return width_; }
+  int width() const override { return width_; }
-  int getHeight() const override { return height_; }
+  int height() const override { return height_; }
   Size size() const override {
     return Size(static_cast<float>(width_), static_cast<float>(height_));
   }

include/graphics/render_backend.h

@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ enum class BlendMode {
 // ============================================================================
 // 渲染后端抽象接口
 // ============================================================================
-class RenderBackend {
+class Renderer {
 public:
-  virtual ~RenderBackend() = default;
+  virtual ~Renderer() = default;
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 生命周期
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ public:
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 工厂方法
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  static UniquePtr<RenderBackend> create(BackendType type);
+  static UniquePtr<Renderer> create(BackendType type);
 };
 
 } // namespace extra2d

include/graphics/render_target.h

@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ public:
   // 尺寸和格式
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-  int getWidth() const { return width_; }
+  int width() const { return width_; }
-  int getHeight() const { return height_; }
+  int height() const { return height_; }
   Vec2 size() const {
     return Vec2(static_cast<float>(width_), static_cast<float>(height_));
   }

include/graphics/texture.h

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include <core/math_types.h>
 #include <core/types.h>
 
-
 namespace extra2d {
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -39,8 +38,8 @@ public:
   virtual ~Texture() = default;
 
   // 获取尺寸
-  virtual int getWidth() const = 0;
+  virtual int width() const = 0;
-  virtual int getHeight() const = 0;
+  virtual int height() const = 0;
   virtual Size size() const = 0;
 
   // 获取通道数

include/graphics/texture_atlas.h

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 #include <core/color.h>
 #include <core/math_types.h>
 #include <core/types.h>
-#include <graphics/texture.h>
 #include <graphics/opengl/gl_texture.h>
-#include <string>
+#include <graphics/texture.h>
-#include <vector>
-#include <unordered_map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ namespace extra2d {
  * @brief 图集中的单个纹理条目
  */
 struct AtlasEntry {
-  std::string name;           // 原始纹理名称/路径
+  std::string name;  // 原始纹理名称/路径
-  Rect uvRect;                // 在图集中的 UV 坐标范围
+  Rect uvRect;       // 在图集中的 UV 坐标范围
-  Vec2 originalSize;          // 原始纹理尺寸
+  Vec2 originalSize; // 原始纹理尺寸
-  uint32_t padding;           // 边距（用于避免纹理 bleeding）
+  uint32_t padding;  // 边距（用于避免纹理 bleeding）
 
   AtlasEntry() : uvRect(), originalSize(), padding(2) {}
 };
@@ -36,29 +36,29 @@ class TextureAtlasPage {
 public:
   static constexpr int DEFAULT_SIZE = 2048;
   static constexpr int MAX_SIZE = 4096;
-  static constexpr int MIN_TEXTURE_SIZE = 32;  // 小于此大小的纹理才考虑合并
+  static constexpr int MIN_TEXTURE_SIZE = 32; // 小于此大小的纹理才考虑合并
-  static constexpr int PADDING = 2;            // 纹理间边距
+  static constexpr int PADDING = 2;           // 纹理间边距
 
   TextureAtlasPage(int width = DEFAULT_SIZE, int height = DEFAULT_SIZE);
   ~TextureAtlasPage();
 
   // 尝试添加纹理到图集
   // 返回是否成功，如果成功则输出 uvRect
-  bool tryAddTexture(const std::string& name, int texWidth, int texHeight, 
+  bool tryAddTexture(const std::string &name, int texWidth, int texHeight,
-                     const uint8_t* pixels, Rect& outUvRect);
+                     const uint8_t *pixels, Rect &outUvRect);
 
   // 获取图集纹理
   Ptr<Texture> getTexture() const { return texture_; }
 
   // 获取条目
-  const AtlasEntry* getEntry(const std::string& name) const;
+  const AtlasEntry *getEntry(const std::string &name) const;
 
   // 获取使用率
   float getUsageRatio() const;
 
   // 获取尺寸
-  int getWidth() const { return width_; }
+  int width() const { return width_; }
-  int getHeight() const { return height_; }
+  int height() const { return height_; }
 
   // 是否已满
   bool isFull() const { return isFull_; }
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<PackNode> right;
 
     PackNode(int x_, int y_, int w, int h)
-      : x(x_), y(y_), width(w), height(h), used(false) {}
+        : x(x_), y(y_), width(w), height(h), used(false) {}
   };
 
   std::unique_ptr<PackNode> root_;
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ private:
   int usedArea_;
 
   // 递归插入
-  PackNode* insert(PackNode* node, int width, int height);
+  PackNode *insert(PackNode *node, int width, int height);
-  void writePixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, const uint8_t* pixels);
+  void writePixels(int x, int y, int w, int h, const uint8_t *pixels);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -102,22 +102,24 @@ public:
 
   // 添加纹理到图集
   // 如果纹理太大，返回 false，应该作为独立纹理加载
-  bool addTexture(const std::string& name, int width, int height, 
+  bool addTexture(const std::string &name, int width, int height,
-                  const uint8_t* pixels);
+                  const uint8_t *pixels);
 
   // 查询纹理是否在图集中
-  bool contains(const std::string& name) const;
+  bool contains(const std::string &name) const;
 
   // 获取纹理在图集中的信息
   // 返回图集纹理和 UV 坐标
-  const Texture* getAtlasTexture(const std::string& name) const;
+  const Texture *getAtlasTexture(const std::string &name) const;
-  Rect getUVRect(const std::string& name) const;
+  Rect getUVRect(const std::string &name) const;
 
   // 获取原始纹理尺寸
-  Vec2 getOriginalSize(const std::string& name) const;
+  Vec2 getOriginalSize(const std::string &name) const;
 
   // 获取所有图集页面
-  const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<TextureAtlasPage>>& getPages() const { return pages_; }
+  const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<TextureAtlasPage>> &getPages() const {
+    return pages_;
+  }
 
   // 获取总使用率
   float getTotalUsageRatio() const;
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<TextureAtlasPage>> pages_;
-  std::unordered_map<std::string, TextureAtlasPage*> entryToPage_;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, TextureAtlasPage *> entryToPage_;
 
   int pageSize_;
   int sizeThreshold_;
@@ -148,26 +150,24 @@ private:
  */
 class TextureAtlasManager {
 public:
-  static TextureAtlasManager& getInstance();
+  static TextureAtlasManager &getInstance();
 
   // 获取主图集
-  TextureAtlas& getAtlas() { return atlas_; }
+  TextureAtlas &getAtlas() { return atlas_; }
 
   // 快捷方法
-  bool addTexture(const std::string& name, int width, int height, 
+  bool addTexture(const std::string &name, int width, int height,
-                  const uint8_t* pixels) {
+                  const uint8_t *pixels) {
     return atlas_.addTexture(name, width, height, pixels);
   }
 
-  bool contains(const std::string& name) const {
+  bool contains(const std::string &name) const { return atlas_.contains(name); }
-    return atlas_.contains(name);
-  }
 
-  const Texture* getAtlasTexture(const std::string& name) const {
+  const Texture *getAtlasTexture(const std::string &name) const {
     return atlas_.getAtlasTexture(name);
   }
 
-  Rect getUVRect(const std::string& name) const {
+  Rect getUVRect(const std::string &name) const {
     return atlas_.getUVRect(name);
   }
 
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ private:
   TextureAtlasManager() = default;
   ~TextureAtlasManager() = default;
 
-  TextureAtlasManager(const TextureAtlasManager&) = delete;
+  TextureAtlasManager(const TextureAtlasManager &) = delete;
-  TextureAtlasManager& operator=(const TextureAtlasManager&) = delete;
+  TextureAtlasManager &operator=(const TextureAtlasManager &) = delete;
 
   TextureAtlas atlas_;
 };

include/platform/window.h

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include <core/types.h>
 #include <functional>
 
-
 #include <SDL.h>
 
 namespace extra2d {
@@ -75,8 +74,8 @@ public:
   void setResizable(bool resizable);
 
   // 获取窗口属性
-  int getWidth() const { return width_; }
+  int width() const { return width_; }
-  int getHeight() const { return height_; }
+  int height() const { return height_; }
   Size size() const {
     return Size(static_cast<float>(width_), static_cast<float>(height_));
   }

include/scene/node.h

@@ -11,12 +11,11 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
-
 namespace extra2d {
 
 // 前向声明
 class Scene;
-class RenderBackend;
+class Renderer;
 struct RenderCommand;
 class Tween;
 enum class TweenEasing : uint8_t;
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ public:
   virtual void onEnter();
   virtual void onExit();
   virtual void onUpdate(float dt);
-  virtual void onRender(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  virtual void onRender(Renderer &renderer);
   virtual void onAttachToScene(Scene *scene);
   virtual void onDetachFromScene();
 
@@ -246,7 +245,7 @@ public:
   // 内部方法
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   void update(float dt);
-  void render(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  void render(Renderer &renderer);
   void sortChildren();
 
   bool isRunning() const { return running_; }
@@ -258,7 +257,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   // 子类重写
-  virtual void onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) {}
+  virtual void onDraw(Renderer &renderer) {}
   virtual void onUpdateNode(float dt) {}
   virtual void generateRenderCommand(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
                                      int zOrder) {};

include/scene/scene.h

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ public:
   void setViewportSize(const Size &size);
   Size getViewportSize() const { return viewportSize_; }
 
-  float getWidth() const { return viewportSize_.width; }
+  float width() const { return viewportSize_.width; }
-  float getHeight() const { return viewportSize_.height; }
+  float height() const { return viewportSize_.height; }
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 场景状态
@@ -55,11 +55,11 @@ public:
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 渲染和更新
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  void renderScene(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  void renderScene(Renderer &renderer);
-  virtual void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  virtual void renderContent(Renderer &renderer);
   void updateScene(float dt);
   void collectRenderCommands(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
-                            int parentZOrder = 0) override;
+                             int parentZOrder = 0) override;
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 空间索引系统

include/scene/scene_manager.h

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <core/types.h>
+#include <functional>
 #include <scene/scene.h>
 #include <scene/transition_scene.h>
-#include <functional>
 #include <stack>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
+
 namespace extra2d {
 
 // 前向声明
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public:
   // 更新和渲染
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   void update(float dt);
-  void render(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  void render(Renderer &renderer);
   void collectRenderCommands(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands);
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -114,8 +115,8 @@ private:
 
   // 创建过渡场景
   Ptr<TransitionScene> createTransitionScene(TransitionType type,
-                                              float duration,
+                                             float duration,
-                                              Ptr<Scene> inScene);
+                                             Ptr<Scene> inScene);
 
   std::stack<Ptr<Scene>> sceneStack_;
   std::unordered_map<std::string, Ptr<Scene>> namedScenes_;

include/scene/shape_node.h

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDraw(Renderer &renderer) override;
   void generateRenderCommand(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
                              int zOrder) override;
 

include/scene/sprite.h

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDraw(Renderer &renderer) override;
   void generateRenderCommand(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
                              int zOrder) override;
 

include/scene/transition_box_scene.h

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   void onTransitionStart() override;
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   int divisions_;

include/scene/transition_fade_scene.h

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <scene/transition_scene.h>
-#include <scene/sprite.h>
 #include <core/color.h>
+#include <scene/sprite.h>
+#include <scene/transition_scene.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ protected:
    * @brief 渲染内容
    * 根据进度控制新旧场景的显示
    */
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   /**
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ private:
    */
   void hideOutShowIn();
 
-  Color maskColor_;           // 遮罩颜色
+  Color maskColor_;          // 遮罩颜色
-  bool hasSwitched_ = false;  // 是否已经切换场景
+  bool hasSwitched_ = false; // 是否已经切换场景
 };
 
 } // namespace extra2d

include/scene/transition_flip_scene.h

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   void onTransitionStart() override;
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   Axis axis_;

include/scene/transition_scale_scene.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   void onTransitionStart() override;
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 };
 
 } // namespace extra2d

include/scene/transition_scene.h

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <scene/scene.h>
 #include <functional>
+#include <scene/scene.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -63,7 +64,9 @@ public:
   /**
    * @brief 设置过渡完成回调
    */
-  void setFinishCallback(FinishCallback callback) { finishCallback_ = callback; }
+  void setFinishCallback(FinishCallback callback) {
+    finishCallback_ = callback;
+  }
 
   /**
    * @brief 获取过渡持续时间
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ public:
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 渲染 - 在 TransitionScene 上渲染新旧两个子场景
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
   // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   // 生命周期
@@ -106,20 +109,20 @@ protected:
   /**
    * @brief 绘制源场景（旧场景）
    */
-  virtual void drawOutScene(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  virtual void drawOutScene(Renderer &renderer);
 
   /**
    * @brief 绘制目标场景（新场景）
    */
-  virtual void drawInScene(RenderBackend &renderer);
+  virtual void drawInScene(Renderer &renderer);
 
   float duration_;
   float elapsed_ = 0.0f;
   float progress_ = 0.0f;
   bool isFinished_ = false;
 
-  Ptr<Scene> inScene_;   // 要进入的场景
+  Ptr<Scene> inScene_;  // 要进入的场景
-  Ptr<Scene> outScene_;  // 要退出的场景
+  Ptr<Scene> outScene_; // 要退出的场景
 
   FinishCallback finishCallback_;
 };

include/scene/transition_slide_scene.h

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   void onTransitionStart() override;
-  void renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void renderContent(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   TransitionDirection direction_;

include/ui/button.h

@@ -181,12 +181,12 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
-  void drawBackgroundImage(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect);
+  void drawBackgroundImage(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect);
-  void drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+  void drawRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect, const Color &color,
-                       const Color &color, float radius);
+                       float radius);
-  void fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+  void fillRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect, const Color &color,
-                       const Color &color, float radius);
+                       float radius);
   Vec2 calculateImageSize(const Vec2 &buttonSize, const Vec2 &imageSize);
 
   // 状态访问（供子类使用）

include/ui/check_box.h

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
   bool onMousePress(const MouseEvent &event) override;
   bool onMouseRelease(const MouseEvent &event) override;
 

include/ui/label.h

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   std::string text_;
@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ private:
   mutable bool sizeDirty_ = true;
 
   void updateCache() const;
-  void drawText(RenderBackend &renderer, const Vec2 &position,
+  void drawText(Renderer &renderer, const Vec2 &position, const Color &color);
-                const Color &color);
   Vec2 calculateDrawPosition() const;
   std::vector<std::string> splitLines() const;
 };

include/ui/progress_bar.h

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public:
 
 protected:
   void onUpdate(float deltaTime) override;
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   // 数值
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ private:
 
   Color getCurrentFillColor() const;
   std::string formatText() const;
-  void drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+  void drawRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect, const Color &color,
-                       const Color &color, float radius);
+                       float radius);
-  void fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+  void fillRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect, const Color &color,
-                       const Color &color, float radius);
+                       float radius);
-  void drawStripes(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect);
+  void drawStripes(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect);
 };
 
 } // namespace extra2d

include/ui/radio_button.h

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
   bool onMousePress(const MouseEvent &event) override;
   bool onMouseRelease(const MouseEvent &event) override;
 

include/ui/slider.h

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
   bool onMousePress(const MouseEvent &event) override;
   bool onMouseRelease(const MouseEvent &event) override;
   bool onMouseMove(const MouseEvent &event) override;

include/ui/text.h

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <ui/widget.h>
 
-
 namespace extra2d {
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ public:
   Rect boundingBox() const override;
 
 protected:
-  void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   std::string text_;

include/ui/widget.h

@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ protected:
   }
 
   // 子类重写此方法以支持自定义渲染
-  virtual void onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {}
+  virtual void onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {}
 
   // 重写 Node 的 onDraw
-  void onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) override;
+  void onDraw(Renderer &renderer) override;
 
 private:
   Size size_ = Size::Zero();

src/app/application.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include <utils/object_pool.h>
 #include <utils/timer.h>
 
-
 #include <chrono>
 #include <thread>
 
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ bool Application::init(const AppConfig &config) {
   // ========================================
   // 4. 初始化渲染器
   // ========================================
-  renderer_ = RenderBackend::create(config.renderBackend);
+  renderer_ = Renderer::create(config.Renderer);
   if (!renderer_ || !renderer_->init(window_.get())) {
     E2D_LOG_ERROR("Failed to initialize renderer");
     window_->destroy();
@@ -136,8 +135,8 @@ bool Application::init(const AppConfig &config) {
   timerManager_ = makeUnique<TimerManager>();
   eventQueue_ = makeUnique<EventQueue>();
   eventDispatcher_ = makeUnique<EventDispatcher>();
-  camera_ = makeUnique<Camera>(0, static_cast<float>(window_->getWidth()),
+  camera_ = makeUnique<Camera>(0, static_cast<float>(window_->width()),
-                               static_cast<float>(window_->getHeight()), 0);
+                               static_cast<float>(window_->height()), 0);
 
   // 窗口大小回调
   window_->setResizeCallback([this](int width, int height) {
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ void Application::render() {
     return;
   }
 
-  renderer_->setViewport(0, 0, window_->getWidth(), window_->getHeight());
+  renderer_->setViewport(0, 0, window_->width(), window_->height());
 
   if (sceneManager_) {
     sceneManager_->render(*renderer_);
@@ -388,8 +387,8 @@ void Application::enterScene(Ptr<Scene> scene) { enterScene(scene, nullptr); }
 void Application::enterScene(Ptr<Scene> scene,
                              Ptr<class TransitionScene> transitionScene) {
   if (sceneManager_ && scene) {
-    scene->setViewportSize(static_cast<float>(window_->getWidth()),
+    scene->setViewportSize(static_cast<float>(window_->width()),
-                           static_cast<float>(window_->getHeight()));
+                           static_cast<float>(window_->height()));
     sceneManager_->enterScene(scene, transitionScene);
   }
 }

src/graphics/opengl/gl_renderer.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #include <SDL.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <core/string.h>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <graphics/gpu_context.h>
 #include <graphics/opengl/gl_font_atlas.h>
 #include <graphics/opengl/gl_renderer.h>
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ void GLRenderer::drawSprite(const Texture &texture, const Rect &destRect,
   data.size = glm::vec2(destRect.size.width, destRect.size.height);
 
   Texture *tex = const_cast<Texture *>(&texture);
-  float texW = static_cast<float>(tex->getWidth());
+  float texW = static_cast<float>(tex->width());
-  float texH = static_cast<float>(tex->getHeight());
+  float texH = static_cast<float>(tex->height());
 
   // 纹理坐标计算
   float u1 = srcRect.origin.x / texW;
@@ -249,10 +249,10 @@ void GLRenderer::drawSprite(const Texture &texture, const Rect &destRect,
 
 void GLRenderer::drawSprite(const Texture &texture, const Vec2 &position,
                             const Color &tint) {
-  Rect destRect(position.x, position.y, static_cast<float>(texture.getWidth()),
+  Rect destRect(position.x, position.y, static_cast<float>(texture.width()),
-                static_cast<float>(texture.getHeight()));
+                static_cast<float>(texture.height()));
-  Rect srcRect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture.getWidth()),
+  Rect srcRect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture.width()),
-               static_cast<float>(texture.getHeight()));
+               static_cast<float>(texture.height()));
   drawSprite(texture, destRect, srcRect, tint, 0.0f, Vec2(0, 0));
 }
 
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ void GLRenderer::drawText(const FontAtlas &font, const std::string &text,
 
   // 收集所有字符数据用于批处理
   std::vector<GLSpriteBatch::SpriteData> sprites;
-  sprites.reserve(text.size());  // 预分配空间
+  sprites.reserve(text.size()); // 预分配空间
 
   for (char32_t codepoint : utf8ToUtf32(text)) {
     if (codepoint == '\n') {

src/graphics/render_backend.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
-UniquePtr<RenderBackend> RenderBackend::create(BackendType type) {
+UniquePtr<Renderer> Renderer::create(BackendType type) {
   switch (type) {
   case BackendType::OpenGL:
     return makeUnique<GLRenderer>();

src/graphics/render_target.cpp

@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ bool RenderTarget::createFromTexture(Ptr<Texture> texture, bool hasDepth) {
 
   destroy();
 
-  width_ = texture->getWidth();
+  width_ = texture->width();
-  height_ = texture->getHeight();
+  height_ = texture->height();
   colorFormat_ = texture->getFormat();
   hasDepth_ = hasDepth;
   hasStencil_ = false;
@@ -238,8 +238,8 @@ void RenderTarget::blitTo(RenderTarget &target, bool color, bool depth) {
   }
 
   if (mask != 0) {
-    glBlitFramebuffer(0, 0, width_, height_, 0, 0, target.getWidth(),
+    glBlitFramebuffer(0, 0, width_, height_, 0, 0, target.width(),
-                      target.getHeight(), mask, GL_LINEAR);
+                      target.height(), mask, GL_LINEAR);
   }
 
   glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
@@ -453,8 +453,8 @@ void MultisampleRenderTarget::resolveTo(RenderTarget &target) {
   glBindFramebuffer(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo_);
   glBindFramebuffer(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, target.getFBO());
 
-  glBlitFramebuffer(0, 0, width_, height_, 0, 0, target.getWidth(),
+  glBlitFramebuffer(0, 0, width_, height_, 0, 0, target.width(),
-                    target.getHeight(), GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_LINEAR);
+                    target.height(), GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT, GL_LINEAR);
 
   glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
 }

src/resource/resource_manager.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <audio/audio_engine.h>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <graphics/opengl/gl_font_atlas.h>
 #include <graphics/opengl/gl_texture.h>
 #include <resource/resource_manager.h>
-#include <utils/logger.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <utils/logger.h>
 
 // Windows 平台需要包含的头文件
 #ifdef _WIN32
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ static std::string getExecutableDirectory() {
 }
 #endif
 
-// 解析资源路径（优先尝试 romfs:/ 前缀，然后 sdmc:/，最后尝试相对于可执行文件的路径）
+// 解析资源路径（优先尝试 romfs:/ 前缀，然后
+// sdmc:/，最后尝试相对于可执行文件的路径）
 static std::string resolveResourcePath(const std::string &filepath) {
   // 如果已经是 romfs 或 sdmc 路径，直接返回
   if (isRomfsPath(filepath) || filepath.find("sdmc:/") == 0) {
@@ -81,9 +82,7 @@ static std::string resolveResourcePath(const std::string &filepath) {
 
 ResourceManager::ResourceManager() = default;
 
-ResourceManager::~ResourceManager() {
+ResourceManager::~ResourceManager() { shutdownAsyncLoader(); }
-  shutdownAsyncLoader();
-}
 
 ResourceManager &ResourceManager::getInstance() {
   static ResourceManager instance;
@@ -100,7 +99,8 @@ void ResourceManager::initAsyncLoader() {
   }
 
   asyncRunning_ = true;
-  asyncThread_ = std::make_unique<std::thread>(&ResourceManager::asyncLoadLoop, this);
+  asyncThread_ =
+      std::make_unique<std::thread>(&ResourceManager::asyncLoadLoop, this);
   E2D_LOG_INFO("ResourceManager: async loader initialized");
 }
 
@@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ void ResourceManager::asyncLoadLoop() {
 
     {
       std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(asyncQueueMutex_);
-      asyncCondition_.wait(lock, [this] { return !asyncTaskQueue_.empty() || !asyncRunning_; });
+      asyncCondition_.wait(
+          lock, [this] { return !asyncTaskQueue_.empty() || !asyncRunning_; });
 
       if (!asyncRunning_) {
         break;
@@ -172,11 +173,13 @@ Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath) {
   return loadTexture(filepath, false, TextureFormat::Auto);
 }
 
-Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath, bool async) {
+Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath,
+                                          bool async) {
   return loadTexture(filepath, async, TextureFormat::Auto);
 }
 
-Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath, bool async, TextureFormat format) {
+Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath,
+                                          bool async, TextureFormat format) {
   if (async) {
     // 异步加载：返回空指针，实际纹理通过回调获取
     loadTextureAsync(filepath, format, nullptr);
@@ -186,11 +189,14 @@ Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTexture(const std::string &filepath, bool asyn
   return loadTextureInternal(filepath, format);
 }
 
-void ResourceManager::loadTextureAsync(const std::string &filepath, TextureLoadCallback callback) {
+void ResourceManager::loadTextureAsync(const std::string &filepath,
+                                       TextureLoadCallback callback) {
   loadTextureAsync(filepath, TextureFormat::Auto, callback);
 }
 
-void ResourceManager::loadTextureAsync(const std::string &filepath, TextureFormat format, TextureLoadCallback callback) {
+void ResourceManager::loadTextureAsync(const std::string &filepath,
+                                       TextureFormat format,
+                                       TextureLoadCallback callback) {
   // 确保异步加载系统已启动
   if (!asyncRunning_) {
     initAsyncLoader();
@@ -229,7 +235,8 @@ void ResourceManager::loadTextureAsync(const std::string &filepath, TextureForma
   E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: queued async texture load: {}", filepath);
 }
 
-Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTextureInternal(const std::string &filepath, TextureFormat format) {
+Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTextureInternal(const std::string &filepath,
+                                                  TextureFormat format) {
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textureMutex_);
 
   // 检查缓存
@@ -273,7 +280,8 @@ Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTextureInternal(const std::string &filepath, T
     evictTexturesIfNeeded();
 
     // 计算纹理大小
-    size_t textureSize = calculateTextureSize(texture->getWidth(), texture->getHeight(), texture->getFormat());
+    size_t textureSize = calculateTextureSize(
+        texture->width(), texture->height(), texture->getFormat());
 
     // 分配LRU节点
     uint32_t lruIndex = allocateLRUNode(filepath);
@@ -292,7 +300,8 @@ Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::loadTextureInternal(const std::string &filepath, T
     // 添加到LRU链表头部
     moveToFront(lruIndex);
 
-    E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded texture: {} ({} KB)", filepath, textureSize / 1024);
+    E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded texture: {} ({} KB)", filepath,
+                  textureSize / 1024);
     return texture;
   } catch (...) {
     E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: exception loading texture: {}", filepath);
@@ -316,8 +325,10 @@ TextureFormat ResourceManager::selectBestFormat(TextureFormat requested) const {
   return TextureFormat::RGBA8;
 }
 
-std::vector<uint8_t> ResourceManager::compressTexture(const uint8_t* data, int width, int height, 
+std::vector<uint8_t> ResourceManager::compressTexture(const uint8_t *data,
-                                                       int channels, TextureFormat format) {
+                                                      int width, int height,
+                                                      int channels,
+                                                      TextureFormat format) {
   // 纹理压缩实现
   // 这里需要根据格式使用相应的压缩库
   // 如：squish (DXT), etcpack (ETC2), astc-encoder (ASTC)
@@ -383,9 +394,9 @@ Ptr<Texture> ResourceManager::getTexture(const std::string &key) const {
 
   auto it = textureCache_.find(key);
   if (it != textureCache_.end()) {
-    const_cast<ResourceManager*>(this)->touchTexture(key);
+    const_cast<ResourceManager *>(this)->touchTexture(key);
-    const_cast<ResourceManager*>(this)->textureHitCount_++;
+    const_cast<ResourceManager *>(this)->textureHitCount_++;
-    const_cast<uint32_t&>(it->second.accessCount)++;
+    const_cast<uint32_t &>(it->second.accessCount)++;
     return it->second.texture;
   }
   return nullptr;
@@ -402,8 +413,9 @@ void ResourceManager::unloadTexture(const std::string &key) {
   auto it = textureCache_.find(key);
   if (it != textureCache_.end()) {
     // 从LRU链表中移除
-    auto nodeIt = std::find_if(lruNodes_.begin(), lruNodes_.end(),
+    auto nodeIt = std::find_if(
-                               [&key](const LRUNode &node) { return node.valid && node.key == key; });
+        lruNodes_.begin(), lruNodes_.end(),
+        [&key](const LRUNode &node) { return node.valid && node.key == key; });
     if (nodeIt != lruNodes_.end()) {
       removeFromList(static_cast<uint32_t>(nodeIt - lruNodes_.begin()) + 1);
       freeLRUNode(static_cast<uint32_t>(nodeIt - lruNodes_.begin()) + 1);
@@ -648,7 +660,8 @@ size_t ResourceManager::getTextureCacheSize() const {
 // LRU 缓存管理
 // ============================================================================
 
-void ResourceManager::setTextureCache(size_t maxCacheSize, size_t maxTextureCount,
+void ResourceManager::setTextureCache(size_t maxCacheSize,
+                                      size_t maxTextureCount,
                                       float unloadInterval) {
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textureMutex_);
   maxCacheSize_ = maxCacheSize;
@@ -694,7 +707,8 @@ void ResourceManager::update(float dt) {
       size_t targetSize = static_cast<size_t>(maxCacheSize_ * 0.5f);
       while (totalTextureSize_ > targetSize && lruTail_ != 0) {
         std::string key = evictLRU();
-        if (key.empty()) break;
+        if (key.empty())
+          break;
 
         auto it = textureCache_.find(key);
         if (it != textureCache_.end()) {
@@ -703,7 +717,8 @@ void ResourceManager::update(float dt) {
           E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: auto-evicted texture: {}", key);
         }
       }
-      E2D_LOG_INFO("ResourceManager: texture cache trimmed to {} MB", totalTextureSize_ / (1024 * 1024));
+      E2D_LOG_INFO("ResourceManager: texture cache trimmed to {} MB",
+                   totalTextureSize_ / (1024 * 1024));
     }
   }
 }
@@ -733,7 +748,8 @@ uint32_t ResourceManager::allocateLRUNode(const std::string &key) {
 }
 
 void ResourceManager::freeLRUNode(uint32_t index) {
-  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size()) return;
+  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size())
+    return;
 
   LRUNode &node = lruNodes_[index - 1];
   node.valid = false;
@@ -744,7 +760,8 @@ void ResourceManager::freeLRUNode(uint32_t index) {
 }
 
 void ResourceManager::moveToFront(uint32_t index) {
-  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size() || index == lruHead_) return;
+  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size() || index == lruHead_)
+    return;
 
   removeFromList(index);
 
@@ -763,7 +780,8 @@ void ResourceManager::moveToFront(uint32_t index) {
 }
 
 void ResourceManager::removeFromList(uint32_t index) {
-  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size()) return;
+  if (index == 0 || index > lruNodes_.size())
+    return;
 
   LRUNode &node = lruNodes_[index - 1];
 
@@ -781,7 +799,8 @@ void ResourceManager::removeFromList(uint32_t index) {
 }
 
 std::string ResourceManager::evictLRU() {
-  if (lruTail_ == 0) return "";
+  if (lruTail_ == 0)
+    return "";
 
   uint32_t index = lruTail_;
   std::string key = lruNodes_[index - 1].key;
@@ -794,8 +813,9 @@ std::string ResourceManager::evictLRU() {
 
 void ResourceManager::touchTexture(const std::string &key) {
   // 查找对应的LRU节点
-  auto nodeIt = std::find_if(lruNodes_.begin(), lruNodes_.end(),
+  auto nodeIt = std::find_if(
-                             [&key](const LRUNode &node) { return node.valid && node.key == key; });
+      lruNodes_.begin(), lruNodes_.end(),
+      [&key](const LRUNode &node) { return node.valid && node.key == key; });
   if (nodeIt != lruNodes_.end()) {
     uint32_t index = static_cast<uint32_t>(nodeIt - lruNodes_.begin()) + 1;
     moveToFront(index);
@@ -813,7 +833,8 @@ void ResourceManager::evictTexturesIfNeeded() {
           textureCache_.size() >= maxTextureCount_) &&
          lruTail_ != 0) {
     std::string key = evictLRU();
-    if (key.empty()) break;
+    if (key.empty())
+      break;
 
     auto it = textureCache_.find(key);
     if (it != textureCache_.end()) {
@@ -824,24 +845,25 @@ void ResourceManager::evictTexturesIfNeeded() {
   }
 }
 
-size_t ResourceManager::calculateTextureSize(int width, int height, PixelFormat format) const {
+size_t ResourceManager::calculateTextureSize(int width, int height,
+                                             PixelFormat format) const {
   int bytesPerPixel = 4;
   switch (format) {
-    case PixelFormat::R8:
+  case PixelFormat::R8:
-      bytesPerPixel = 1;
+    bytesPerPixel = 1;
-      break;
+    break;
-    case PixelFormat::RG8:
+  case PixelFormat::RG8:
-      bytesPerPixel = 2;
+    bytesPerPixel = 2;
-      break;
+    break;
-    case PixelFormat::RGB8:
+  case PixelFormat::RGB8:
-      bytesPerPixel = 3;
+    bytesPerPixel = 3;
-      break;
+    break;
-    case PixelFormat::RGBA8:
+  case PixelFormat::RGBA8:
-      bytesPerPixel = 4;
+    bytesPerPixel = 4;
-      break;
+    break;
-    default:
+  default:
-      bytesPerPixel = 4;
+    bytesPerPixel = 4;
-      break;
+    break;
   }
   return static_cast<size_t>(width * height * bytesPerPixel);
 }
@@ -864,7 +886,8 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath) {
   return loadTextFile(filepath, "UTF-8");
 }
 
-std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath, const std::string &encoding) {
+std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath,
+                                          const std::string &encoding) {
   (void)encoding; // 目前只支持 UTF-8
 
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(textFileMutex_);
@@ -888,13 +911,15 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath, const std
 #ifdef _WIN32
   errno_t err = fopen_s(&file, resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
   if (err != 0 || !file) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 #else
   file = fopen(resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
   if (!file) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open text file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 #endif
@@ -917,13 +942,15 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadTextFile(const std::string &filepath, const std
   fclose(file);
 
   if (readSize != static_cast<size_t>(fileSize)) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read text file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read text file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 
   // 缓存内容
   textFileCache_[filepath] = content;
-  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded text file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath, content.size());
+  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded text file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath,
+                content.size());
 
   return content;
 }
@@ -989,13 +1016,15 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadJsonFile(const std::string &filepath) {
 #ifdef _WIN32
   errno_t err = fopen_s(&file, resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
   if (err != 0 || !file) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 #else
   file = fopen(resolvedPath.c_str(), "rb");
   if (!file) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to open JSON file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 #endif
@@ -1018,7 +1047,8 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadJsonFile(const std::string &filepath) {
   fclose(file);
 
   if (readSize != static_cast<size_t>(fileSize)) {
-    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read JSON file: {}", resolvedPath);
+    E2D_LOG_ERROR("ResourceManager: failed to read JSON file: {}",
+                  resolvedPath);
     return "";
   }
 
@@ -1032,7 +1062,8 @@ std::string ResourceManager::loadJsonFile(const std::string &filepath) {
 
   // 缓存内容
   jsonFileCache_[filepath] = content;
-  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded JSON file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath, content.size());
+  E2D_LOG_DEBUG("ResourceManager: loaded JSON file: {} ({} bytes)", filepath,
+                content.size());
 
   return content;
 }

src/scene/node.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <scene/scene.h>
 #include <utils/logger.h>
 
-
 namespace extra2d {
 
 Node::Node() = default;
@@ -343,7 +342,7 @@ void Node::onUpdate(float dt) {
   }
 }
 
-void Node::onRender(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Node::onRender(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!visible_)
     return;
 
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@ void Node::updateSpatialIndex() {
 
 void Node::update(float dt) { onUpdate(dt); }
 
-void Node::render(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Node::render(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (childrenOrderDirty_) {
     sortChildren();
   }

src/scene/scene.cpp

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ void Scene::setViewportSize(const Size &size) {
   setViewportSize(size.width, size.height);
 }
 
-void Scene::renderScene(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Scene::renderScene(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!visible())
     return;
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void Scene::renderScene(RenderBackend &renderer) {
   renderer.endFrame();
 }
 
-void Scene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Scene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!visible())
     return;
 

src/scene/scene_manager.cpp

@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ void SceneManager::update(float dt) {
   }
 }
 
-void SceneManager::render(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void SceneManager::render(Renderer &renderer) {
   Color clearColor = Colors::Black;
   if (!sceneStack_.empty()) {
     clearColor = sceneStack_.top()->getBackgroundColor();

src/scene/shape_node.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <scene/shape_node.h>
 
-
 namespace extra2d {
 
 ShapeNode::ShapeNode() = default;
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ Rect ShapeNode::boundingBox() const {
               (maxY - minY) + inflate * 2.0f);
 }
 
-void ShapeNode::onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void ShapeNode::onDraw(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (points_.empty()) {
     return;
   }

src/scene/sprite.cpp

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ Sprite::Sprite(Ptr<Texture> texture) { setTexture(texture); }
 void Sprite::setTexture(Ptr<Texture> texture) {
   texture_ = texture;
   if (texture_) {
-    textureRect_ = Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture_->getWidth()),
+    textureRect_ = Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture_->width()),
-                        static_cast<float>(texture_->getHeight()));
+                        static_cast<float>(texture_->height()));
   }
   updateSpatialIndex();
 }
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Rect Sprite::boundingBox() const {
   return Rect(l, t, std::abs(w), std::abs(h));
 }
 
-void Sprite::onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Sprite::onDraw(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!texture_ || !texture_->isValid()) {
     return;
   }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ void Sprite::onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) {
 
   auto anchorPt = anchor();
 
-  // 锚点由 RenderBackend 在绘制时处理，这里只传递位置和尺寸
+  // 锚点由 Renderer 在绘制时处理，这里只传递位置和尺寸
   Rect destRect(worldX, worldY, width * worldScaleX, height * worldScaleY);
 
   // Adjust source rect for flipping
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ void Sprite::generateRenderCommand(std::vector<RenderCommand> &commands,
 
   auto anchorPt = anchor();
 
-  // 锚点由 RenderBackend 在绘制时处理，这里只传递位置和尺寸
+  // 锚点由 Renderer 在绘制时处理，这里只传递位置和尺寸
   Rect destRect(worldX, worldY, width * worldScaleX, height * worldScaleY);
 
   // 调整源矩形（翻转）

src/scene/transition_box_scene.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-#include <scene/transition_box_scene.h>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <app/application.h>
-#include <graphics/render_backend.h>
 #include <core/color.h>
 #include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
-#include <algorithm>
+#include <graphics/render_backend.h>
+#include <scene/transition_box_scene.h>
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ TransitionBoxScene::TransitionBoxScene(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene,
                                        int divisions)
     : TransitionScene(duration, inScene), divisions_(divisions) {}
 
-Ptr<TransitionBoxScene> TransitionBoxScene::create(float duration,
+Ptr<TransitionBoxScene>
-                                                   Ptr<Scene> inScene,
+TransitionBoxScene::create(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene, int divisions) {
-                                                   int divisions) {
   return makePtr<TransitionBoxScene>(duration, inScene, divisions);
 }
 
@@ -21,11 +20,11 @@ void TransitionBoxScene::onTransitionStart() {
   // 方块过渡不需要特殊的初始化
 }
 
-void TransitionBoxScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionBoxScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 获取窗口大小
   auto &app = Application::instance();
-  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 更新进度
   elapsed_ += 1.0f / 60.0f;

src/scene/transition_fade_scene.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-#include <scene/transition_fade_scene.h>
 #include <app/application.h>
+#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
 #include <graphics/render_target.h>
+#include <scene/transition_fade_scene.h>
 #include <utils/logger.h>
-#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ void TransitionFadeScene::onTransitionStart() {
   // 实际进度更新由 SceneManager 的 update 驱动
 }
 
-void TransitionFadeScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionFadeScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 获取窗口大小
   auto &app = Application::instance();
-  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().getWidth());
+  float windowWidth = static_cast<float>(app.window().width());
-  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().getHeight());
+  float windowHeight = static_cast<float>(app.window().height());
 
   // 计算当前进度
-  elapsed_ += 1.0f / 60.0f;  // 假设 60fps，实际应该由 update 传递 dt
+  elapsed_ += 1.0f / 60.0f; // 假设 60fps，实际应该由 update 传递 dt
   progress_ = duration_ > 0.0f ? std::min(1.0f, elapsed_ / duration_) : 1.0f;
 
   // 检查是否需要切换场景（进度过半时）
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ void TransitionFadeScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
   float maskAlpha;
   if (progress_ < 0.5f) {
     // 前半段：从透明到不透明
-    maskAlpha = progress_ * 2.0f;  // 0 -> 1
+    maskAlpha = progress_ * 2.0f; // 0 -> 1
   } else {
     // 后半段：从不透明到透明
-    maskAlpha = (1.0f - progress_) * 2.0f;  // 1 -> 0
+    maskAlpha = (1.0f - progress_) * 2.0f; // 1 -> 0
   }
 
   // 设置视口为整个窗口

src/scene/transition_flip_scene.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-#include <scene/transition_flip_scene.h>
+#include <core/math_types.h>
 #include <graphics/camera.h>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
-#include <core/math_types.h>
+#include <scene/transition_flip_scene.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -9,9 +10,8 @@ TransitionFlipScene::TransitionFlipScene(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene,
                                          Axis axis)
     : TransitionScene(duration, inScene), axis_(axis) {}
 
-Ptr<TransitionFlipScene> TransitionFlipScene::create(float duration,
+Ptr<TransitionFlipScene>
-                                                     Ptr<Scene> inScene,
+TransitionFlipScene::create(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene, Axis axis) {
-                                                     Axis axis) {
   return makePtr<TransitionFlipScene>(duration, inScene, axis);
 }
 
@@ -19,16 +19,17 @@ void TransitionFlipScene::onTransitionStart() {
   // 翻页过渡不需要特殊的初始化
 }
 
-void TransitionFlipScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionFlipScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 更新进度
   elapsed_ += 1.0f / 60.0f;
   progress_ = duration_ > 0.0f ? std::min(1.0f, elapsed_ / duration_) : 1.0f;
 
   // 缓动函数
-  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f
-                                        : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
+                           ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+                           : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
 
-  float angle = easeProgress * PI_F;  // 180度翻转
+  float angle = easeProgress * PI_F; // 180度翻转
 
   if (progress_ < 0.5f) {
     // 前半段：翻转源场景

src/scene/transition_scale_scene.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-#include <scene/transition_scale_scene.h>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <graphics/camera.h>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
-#include <algorithm>
+#include <scene/transition_scale_scene.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -17,14 +18,15 @@ void TransitionScaleScene::onTransitionStart() {
   // 缩放过渡不需要特殊的初始化
 }
 
-void TransitionScaleScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionScaleScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 更新进度
   elapsed_ += 1.0f / 60.0f;
   progress_ = duration_ > 0.0f ? std::min(1.0f, elapsed_ / duration_) : 1.0f;
 
   // 缓动函数
-  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f
-                                        : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
+                           ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+                           : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
 
   // 源场景：缩小消失
   if (outScene_) {

src/scene/transition_scene.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-#include <scene/transition_scene.h>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
+#include <scene/transition_scene.h>
 #include <utils/logger.h>
 
+
 namespace extra2d {
 
 TransitionScene::TransitionScene(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene)
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ void TransitionScene::finish() {
   }
 }
 
-void TransitionScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 在 TransitionScene 上渲染新旧两个子场景
   // 子类可以重写此方法来控制渲染顺序和效果
 
@@ -66,13 +67,13 @@ void TransitionScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
   drawInScene(renderer);
 }
 
-void TransitionScene::drawOutScene(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionScene::drawOutScene(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (outScene_) {
     outScene_->renderContent(renderer);
   }
 }
 
-void TransitionScene::drawInScene(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionScene::drawInScene(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (inScene_) {
     inScene_->renderContent(renderer);
   }

src/scene/transition_slide_scene.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-#include <scene/transition_slide_scene.h>
 #include <graphics/camera.h>
 #include <graphics/render_backend.h>
+#include <scene/transition_slide_scene.h>
+
 
 namespace extra2d {
 
@@ -8,8 +9,9 @@ TransitionSlideScene::TransitionSlideScene(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene,
                                            TransitionDirection direction)
     : TransitionScene(duration, inScene), direction_(direction) {}
 
-Ptr<TransitionSlideScene> TransitionSlideScene::create(
+Ptr<TransitionSlideScene>
-    float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene, TransitionDirection direction) {
+TransitionSlideScene::create(float duration, Ptr<Scene> inScene,
+                             TransitionDirection direction) {
   return makePtr<TransitionSlideScene>(duration, inScene, direction);
 }
 
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ void TransitionSlideScene::onTransitionStart() {
   // 滑动过渡不需要特殊的初始化
 }
 
-void TransitionSlideScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void TransitionSlideScene::renderContent(Renderer &renderer) {
   // 获取视口尺寸
   float screenWidth = 800.0f;
   float screenHeight = 600.0f;
@@ -41,8 +43,9 @@ void TransitionSlideScene::renderContent(RenderBackend &renderer) {
   progress_ = duration_ > 0.0f ? std::min(1.0f, elapsed_ / duration_) : 1.0f;
 
   // 缓动函数
-  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+  float easeProgress = progress_ < 0.5f
-                                        : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
+                           ? 2.0f * progress_ * progress_
+                           : -1.0f + (4.0f - 2.0f * progress_) * progress_;
 
   // 渲染退出场景（滑出）
   if (outScene_) {

src/ui/button.cpp

@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ void Button::setBackgroundImage(Ptr<Texture> normal, Ptr<Texture> hover,
   useTextureRect_ = false;
 
   if (useImageBackground_ && scaleMode_ == ImageScaleMode::Original && normal) {
-    setSize(static_cast<float>(normal->getWidth()),
+    setSize(static_cast<float>(normal->width()),
-            static_cast<float>(normal->getHeight()));
+            static_cast<float>(normal->height()));
   }
 }
 
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ void Button::setStateBackgroundImage(
   useTextureRect_ = false;
 
   if (useStateImages_ && scaleMode_ == ImageScaleMode::Original && offNormal) {
-    setSize(static_cast<float>(offNormal->getWidth()),
+    setSize(static_cast<float>(offNormal->width()),
-            static_cast<float>(offNormal->getHeight()));
+            static_cast<float>(offNormal->height()));
   }
 }
 
@@ -330,8 +330,8 @@ void Button::setBackgroundImageScaleMode(ImageScaleMode mode) {
   scaleMode_ = mode;
   if (useImageBackground_ && scaleMode_ == ImageScaleMode::Original &&
       imgNormal_) {
-    setSize(static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->getWidth()),
+    setSize(static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->width()),
-            static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->getHeight()));
+            static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->height()));
   }
 }
 
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ Vec2 Button::calculateImageSize(const Vec2 &buttonSize, const Vec2 &imageSize) {
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  * @param rect 绘制区域
  */
-void Button::drawBackgroundImage(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
+void Button::drawBackgroundImage(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
   Texture *texture = nullptr;
   Rect srcRect;
 
@@ -431,28 +431,28 @@ void Button::drawBackgroundImage(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
       }
     }
     if (texture) {
-      srcRect = Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture->getWidth()),
+      srcRect = Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(texture->width()),
-                     static_cast<float>(texture->getHeight()));
+                     static_cast<float>(texture->height()));
     }
   } else {
     if (pressed_ && imgPressed_) {
       texture = imgPressed_.get();
       srcRect = useTextureRect_
                     ? imgPressedRect_
-                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgPressed_->getWidth()),
+                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgPressed_->width()),
-                           static_cast<float>(imgPressed_->getHeight()));
+                           static_cast<float>(imgPressed_->height()));
     } else if (hovered_ && imgHover_) {
       texture = imgHover_.get();
       srcRect = useTextureRect_
                     ? imgHoverRect_
-                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgHover_->getWidth()),
+                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgHover_->width()),
-                           static_cast<float>(imgHover_->getHeight()));
+                           static_cast<float>(imgHover_->height()));
     } else if (imgNormal_) {
       texture = imgNormal_.get();
       srcRect = useTextureRect_
                     ? imgNormalRect_
-                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->getWidth()),
+                    : Rect(0, 0, static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->width()),
-                           static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->getHeight()));
+                           static_cast<float>(imgNormal_->height()));
     }
   }
 
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ void Button::drawBackgroundImage(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
  * @param color 颜色
  * @param radius 圆角半径
  */
-void Button::drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+void Button::drawRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect,
                              const Color &color, float radius) {
   float maxRadius = std::min(rect.size.width, rect.size.height) * 0.5f;
   radius = std::min(radius, maxRadius);
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ void Button::drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
  * @param color 颜色
  * @param radius 圆角半径
  */
-void Button::fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+void Button::fillRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect,
                              const Color &color, float radius) {
   float maxRadius = std::min(rect.size.width, rect.size.height) * 0.5f;
   radius = std::min(radius, maxRadius);
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ void Button::fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void Button::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Button::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   Rect rect = boundingBox();
   if (rect.empty()) {
     return;

src/ui/check_box.cpp

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ Rect CheckBox::boundingBox() const {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void CheckBox::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void CheckBox::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   Vec2 position = pos();
 
   Rect boxRect(position.x, position.y + (size().height - boxSize_) * 0.5f,

src/ui/label.cpp

@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Vec2 Label::calculateDrawPosition() const {
  * @param position 绘制位置
  * @param color 文本颜色
  */
-void Label::drawText(RenderBackend &renderer, const Vec2 &position,
+void Label::drawText(Renderer &renderer, const Vec2 &position,
                      const Color &color) {
   if (!font_ || text_.empty()) {
     return;
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ Rect Label::boundingBox() const {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void Label::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Label::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!font_ || text_.empty()) {
     return;
   }

src/ui/progress_bar.cpp

@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ void ProgressBar::onUpdate(float deltaTime) {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void ProgressBar::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void ProgressBar::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   Vec2 position = pos();
   Size widgetSize = size();
 
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ void ProgressBar::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
  * @param color 颜色
  * @param radius 圆角半径
  */
-void ProgressBar::drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+void ProgressBar::drawRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect,
                                   const Color &color, float radius) {
   renderer.drawRect(rect, color, borderWidth_);
 }
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ void ProgressBar::drawRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
  * @param color 颜色
  * @param radius 圆角半径
  */
-void ProgressBar::fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
+void ProgressBar::fillRoundedRect(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect,
                                   const Color &color, float radius) {
   renderer.fillRect(rect, color);
 }
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ void ProgressBar::fillRoundedRect(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect,
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  * @param rect 矩形区域
  */
-void ProgressBar::drawStripes(RenderBackend &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
+void ProgressBar::drawStripes(Renderer &renderer, const Rect &rect) {
   const float stripeWidth = 10.0f;
   const float spacing = 20.0f;
   float rectRight = rect.origin.x + rect.size.width;

src/ui/radio_button.cpp

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ Rect RadioButton::boundingBox() const {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void RadioButton::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void RadioButton::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   Vec2 position = pos();
   float centerX = position.x + circleSize_ * 0.5f;
   float centerY = position.y + size().height * 0.5f;

src/ui/slider.cpp

@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ float Slider::snapToStep(float value) const {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void Slider::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Slider::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   Rect trackRect = getTrackRect();
 
   renderer.fillRect(trackRect, trackColor_);

src/ui/text.cpp

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ Rect Text::boundingBox() const {
  * @brief 绘制组件
  * @param renderer 渲染后端
  */
-void Text::onDrawWidget(RenderBackend &renderer) {
+void Text::onDrawWidget(Renderer &renderer) {
   if (!font_ || text_.empty()) {
     return;
   }

src/ui/widget.cpp

@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ Rect Widget::boundingBox() const {
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // 重写 onDraw
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-void Widget::onDraw(RenderBackend &renderer) { onDrawWidget(renderer); }
+void Widget::onDraw(Renderer &renderer) { onDrawWidget(renderer); }
 
 } // namespace extra2d