diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.frag b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.frag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a235f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.frag
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#version 320 es
+precision highp float;
+
+// 从顶点着色器输入
+in vec2 vTexCoord;
+in vec4 vColor;
+in vec4 vTintColor;
+in float vOpacity;
+
+// 纹理采样器
+uniform sampler2D uTexture;
+
+// 输出颜色
+out vec4 fragColor;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 片段着色器入口
+ *
+ * 采样纹理并与顶点颜色、色调和透明度混合
+ */
+void main() {
+    // 采样纹理
+    vec4 texColor = texture(uTexture, vTexCoord);
+    
+    // 如果纹理采样结果是黑色或透明，使用白色作为默认值
+    if (texColor.rgb == vec3(0.0) || texColor.a < 0.01) {
+        texColor = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+    }
+    
+    // 混合：纹理 * 顶点颜色 * 色调
+    fragColor = texColor * vColor * vTintColor;
+    
+    // 应用透明度
+    fragColor.a *= vOpacity;
+    
+    // Alpha 测试：丢弃几乎透明的像素
+    if (fragColor.a < 0.01) {
+        discard;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.vert b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.vert
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95fca8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/default.vert
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#version 320 es
+precision highp float;
+
+// 全局 UBO (binding = 0) - 每帧更新一次
+layout(std140, binding = 0) uniform GlobalUBO {
+    mat4 uViewProjection;
+    vec4 uCameraPosition;
+    float uTime;
+    float uDeltaTime;
+    vec2 uScreenSize;
+};
+
+// 材质 UBO (binding = 1) - 每物体更新
+layout(std140, binding = 1) uniform MaterialUBO {
+    vec4 uColor;
+    vec4 uTintColor;
+    float uOpacity;
+    float uPadding[3];  // std140 对齐填充
+};
+
+// 模型矩阵作为单独的统一变量（每个物体设置）
+uniform mat4 uModelMatrix;
+
+// 顶点属性
+layout(location = 0) in vec2 aPosition;
+layout(location = 1) in vec2 aTexCoord;
+layout(location = 2) in vec4 aColor;
+
+// 输出到片段着色器
+out vec2 vTexCoord;
+out vec4 vColor;
+out vec4 vTintColor;
+out float vOpacity;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 顶点着色器入口
+ *
+ * 计算顶点在裁剪空间中的位置，
+ * 并传递纹理坐标和颜色到片段着色器
+ */
+void main() {
+    gl_Position = uViewProjection * uModelMatrix * vec4(aPosition, 0.0, 1.0);
+    vTexCoord = aTexCoord;
+    // 混合顶点颜色和材质 UBO 中的颜色
+    vColor = aColor * uColor;
+    vTintColor = uTintColor;
+    vOpacity = uOpacity;
+}
diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/instanced.vert b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/instanced.vert
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b910b52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/instanced.vert
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#version 320 es
+precision highp float;
+
+// 全局 UBO (binding = 0) - 每帧更新一次
+layout(std140, binding = 0) uniform GlobalUBO {
+    mat4 uViewProjection;
+    vec4 uCameraPosition;
+    float uTime;
+    float uDeltaTime;
+    vec2 uScreenSize;
+};
+
+// 材质 UBO (binding = 1) - 每批次更新
+layout(std140, binding = 1) uniform MaterialUBO {
+    vec4 uColor;
+    vec4 uTintColor;
+    float uOpacity;
+    float uPadding[3];  // std140 对齐填充
+};
+
+// 顶点属性 (每个顶点)
+layout(location = 0) in vec2 aPosition;
+layout(location = 1) in vec2 aTexCoord;
+layout(location = 2) in vec4 aColor;
+
+// 实例属性 (每个实例) - 使用 location 3-6
+layout(location = 3) in vec2 iPosition;   // 实例位置
+layout(location = 4) in float iRotation;  // 实例旋转
+layout(location = 5) in vec2 iScale;      // 实例缩放
+layout(location = 6) in vec4 iColor;      // 实例颜色
+
+// 输出到片段着色器
+out vec2 vTexCoord;
+out vec4 vColor;
+out vec4 vTintColor;
+out float vOpacity;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 从旋转角度构建2D变换矩阵
+ * @param angle 旋转角度（弧度）
+ * @return 2x2旋转矩阵
+ */
+mat2 rotate2D(float angle) {
+    float c = cos(angle);
+    float s = sin(angle);
+    return mat2(c, -s, s, c);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief 顶点着色器入口
+ *
+ * 计算顶点在裁剪空间中的位置，
+ * 应用实例的变换（位置、旋转、缩放），
+ * 并传递纹理坐标和颜色到片段着色器
+ */
+void main() {
+    // 应用实例缩放和旋转
+    vec2 localPos = rotate2D(iRotation) * (aPosition * iScale);
+
+    // 应用实例位置偏移
+    vec2 worldPos = localPos + iPosition;
+
+    // 变换到裁剪空间
+    gl_Position = uViewProjection * vec4(worldPos, 0.0, 1.0);
+
+    vTexCoord = aTexCoord;
+
+    // 混合顶点颜色、实例颜色和材质颜色
+    vColor = aColor * iColor * uColor;
+
+    vTintColor = uTintColor;
+    vOpacity = uOpacity;
+}
diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.frag b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.frag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aad250d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.frag
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#version 320 es
+precision highp float;
+
+// 从顶点着色器输入
+in vec2 vTexCoord;
+in vec4 vColor;
+
+// 纹理采样器
+uniform sampler2D uTexture;
+
+// 输出颜色
+out vec4 fragColor;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 片段着色器入口（实例化版本）
+ *
+ * 采样纹理并与顶点颜色混合
+ */
+void main() {
+    // 采样纹理
+    vec4 texColor = texture(uTexture, vTexCoord);
+    
+    // 如果纹理采样结果是黑色或透明，使用白色作为默认值
+    if (texColor.rgb == vec3(0.0) || texColor.a < 0.01) {
+        texColor = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+    }
+    
+    // 混合：纹理 * 顶点颜色
+    fragColor = texColor * vColor;
+    
+    // Alpha 测试：丢弃几乎透明的像素
+    if (fragColor.a < 0.01) {
+        discard;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.vert b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.vert
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0675904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/romfs/shader/sprite_instanced.vert
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#version 320 es
+precision highp float;
+
+// 全局 UBO (binding = 0) - 每帧更新一次
+layout(std140, binding = 0) uniform GlobalUBO {
+    mat4 uViewProjection;
+    vec4 uCameraPosition;
+    float uTime;
+    float uDeltaTime;
+    vec2 uScreenSize;
+};
+
+// 顶点属性
+layout(location = 0) in vec2 aPosition;      // 基础顶点位置
+layout(location = 1) in vec2 aTexCoord;      // 基础 UV
+layout(location = 2) in vec4 aColor;         // 基础颜色
+
+// 实例属性 (每个实例)
+layout(location = 3) in vec2 aInstancePos;   // 实例位置偏移
+layout(location = 4) in float aInstanceRot;  // 实例旋转
+layout(location = 5) in vec2 aInstanceScale; // 实例缩放
+layout(location = 6) in vec4 aInstanceColor; // 实例颜色
+layout(location = 7) in vec4 aInstanceUV;    // 实例 UV 区域
+
+// 输出到片段着色器
+out vec2 vTexCoord;
+out vec4 vColor;
+
+/**
+ * @brief 顶点着色器入口（实例化版本）
+ *
+ * 计算顶点在裁剪空间中的位置，应用实例的变换
+ */
+void main() {
+    // 构建旋转矩阵
+    float cosRot = cos(aInstanceRot);
+    float sinRot = sin(aInstanceRot);
+    mat2 rotation = mat2(
+        cosRot, -sinRot,
+        sinRot, cosRot
+    );
+    
+    // 应用缩放和旋转
+    vec2 scaledPos = aPosition * aInstanceScale;
+    vec2 rotatedPos = rotation * scaledPos;
+    
+    // 应用实例位置偏移
+    vec2 worldPos = rotatedPos + aInstancePos;
+    
+    // 计算裁剪空间位置
+    gl_Position = uViewProjection * vec4(worldPos, 0.0, 1.0);
+    
+    // 计算 UV 坐标（应用实例 UV 区域）
+    vTexCoord = aTexCoord * aInstanceUV.zw + aInstanceUV.xy;
+    
+    // 混合顶点颜色和实例颜色
+    vColor = aColor * aInstanceColor;
+}
diff --git a/examples/scene_graph_demo/xmake.lua b/examples/scene_graph_demo/xmake.lua
index 2383d66..c076f92 100644
--- a/examples/scene_graph_demo/xmake.lua
+++ b/examples/scene_graph_demo/xmake.lua
@@ -28,9 +28,25 @@ target("scene_graph_demo")
             local nacptool = path.join(devkitPro, "tools/bin/nacptool.exe")
             local elf2nro = path.join(devkitPro, "tools/bin/elf2nro.exe")
 
+            -- 确保 romfs 目录存在
+            local romfs = path.join(example_dir, "romfs")
+            if not os.isdir(romfs) then
+                os.mkdir(romfs)
+            end
+
+            -- 复制着色器文件到 romfs/shader 目录
+            local shader_source = path.join(example_dir, "../../shader")
+            local shader_target = path.join(romfs, "shader")
+            if os.isdir(shader_source) then
+                if not os.isdir(shader_target) then
+                    os.mkdir(shader_target)
+                end
+                os.cp(path.join(shader_source, "*"), shader_target)
+                print("Copied shaders to romfs: " .. shader_target)
+            end
+
             if os.isfile(nacptool) and os.isfile(elf2nro) then
                 os.vrunv(nacptool, {"--create", "Scene Graph Demo", "Extra2D Team", "1.0.0", nacp_file})
-                local romfs = path.join(example_dir, "romfs")
                 if os.isdir(romfs) then
                     os.vrunv(elf2nro, {elf_file, nro_file, "--nacp=" .. nacp_file, "--romfsdir=" .. romfs})
                 else